Front Cover

Orthopedic Physical Assessment

Copyright Page

Dedication Page

Preface

Acknowledgments

Contents

Chapter 1: Principles and Concepts

Patient History

Observation

Examination

Principles

Vital Signs

Scanning Examination

Examination of Specific Joints

Functional Assessment

Special (Diagnostic) Tests

Reflexes and Cutaneous Distribution

Joint Play Movements

Palpation

Diagnostic Imaging

Preacutecis

Case Studies

Conclusion

References

Appendix

Chapter 2: Head and Face

Applied Anatomy

Patient History

Observation

Examination

Examination of the Head

Examination of the Face

Examination of the Eye

Examination of the Nose

Examination of the Teeth

Examination of the Ear

Special Tests

Reflexes and Cutaneous Distribution

Joint Play Movements

Palpation

Diagnostic Imaging

Preacutecis of the Head and Face Assessment

Case Studies

References

Appendix

Chapter 3: Cervical Spine

Applied Anatomy

Patient History

Observation

Examination

Active Movements

Passive Movements

Resisted Isometric Movements

Scanning Examination

Functional Assessment

Special Tests

Reflexes and Cutaneous Distribution

Joint Play Movements

Palpation

Diagnostic Imaging

Preacutecis of the Cervical Spine Assessment

Case Studies

References

Appendix

Chapter 4: Temporomandibular Joint

Applied Anatomy

Patient History

Observation

Examination

Active Movements

Passive Movements

Resisted Isometric Movements

Functional Assessment

Special Tests

Reflexes and Cutaneous Distribution

Joint Play Movements

Palpation

Diagnostic Imaging

Preacutecis of the Temporomandibular Joint Assessment

Case Studies

References

Appendix

Chapter 5: Shoulder

Applied Anatomy

Patient History

Observation

Examination

Active Movements

Passive Movements

Resisted Isometric Movements

Functional Assessment

Special Tests

Reflexes And Cutaneous Distribution

Joint Play Movements

Palpation

Diagnostic Imaging

Preacutecis of the Shoulder Assessment

Case Studies

References

Appendix

Chapter 6: Elbow

Applied Anatomy

Patient History

Observation

Examination

Active Movements

Passive Movements

Resisted Isometric Movements

Functional Assessment

Special Tests

Reflexes and Cutaneous Distribution

Joint Play Movements

Palpation

Diagnostic Imaging

Preacutecis of the Elbow Assessment

Case Studies

References

Appendix

Chapter 7: Forearm, Wrist, and Hand

Applied Anatomy

Patient History

Observation

Common Hand and Finger Deformities

Other Physical Findings

Examination

Active Movements

Passive Movements

Resisted Isometric Movements

Functional Assessment (Grip)

Special Tests

Reflexes and Cutaneous Distribution

Joint Play Movements

Palpation

Diagnostic Imaging

Preacutecis of the Forearm, Wrist, and Hand Assessment

Case Studies

References

Appendix

Chapter 8: Thoracic (Dorsal) Spine

Applied Anatomy

Patient History

Observation

Kyphosis

Scoliosis

Breathing

Chest Deformities

Examination

Active Movements

Passive Movements

Resisted Isometric Movements

Functional Assessment

Special Tests

Reflexes and Cutaneous Distribution

Joint Play Movements

Palpation

Diagnostic Imaging

Preacutecis of the Thoracic Spine Assessment

Case Studies

References

Appendix

Chapter 9: Lumbar Spine

Applied Anatomy

Patient History

Observation

Examination

Active Movements

Passive Movements

Resisted Isometric Movements

Peripheral Joint Scanning Examination

Myotomes

Functional Assessment

Special Tests

Reflexes and Cutaneous Distribution

Joint Play Movements

Palpation

Diagnostic Imaging

Preacutecis of the Lumbar Spine Assessment

Case Studies

References

Appendix

Chapter 10: Pelvis

Applied Anatomy

Patient History

Observation

Examination

Active Movements

Passive Movements

Resisted Isometric Movements

Functional Assessment

Special Tests

Reflexes and Cutaneous Distribution

Joint Play Movements

Palpation

Diagnostic Imaging

Preacutecis of the Pelvis Assessment

Case Studies

References

Appendix

Chapter 11: Hip

Applied Anatomy

Patient History

Observation

Examination

Active Movements

Passive Movements

Resisted Isometric Movements

Functional Assessment

Special Tests

Reflexes and Cutaneous Distribution

Joint Play Movements

Palpation

Diagnostic Imaging

Preacutecis of the Hip Assessment

Case Studies

References

Appendix

Chapter 12: Knee

Applied Anatomy

Patient History

Observation

Examination

Active Movements

Passive Movements

Resisted Isometric Movements

Functional Assessment

Ligament Stability

Special Tests

Reflexes and Cutaneous Distribution

Joint Play Movements

Palpation

Diagnostic Imaging

Preacutecis of the Knee Assessment

Case Studies

References

Appendix

Chapter 13: Lower Leg, Ankle, and Foot

Applied Anatomy

Hindfoot (Rearfoot)

Midfoot (Midtarsal Joints)

Forefoot

Patient History

Observation

Examination

Active Movements

Passive Movements

Resisted Isometric Movements

Functional Assessment

Special Tests

Reflexes and Cutaneous Distribution

Joint Play Movements

Palpation

Diagnostic Imaging

Preacutecis of the Lower Leg, Ankle, and Foot Assessment

Case Studies

References

Appendix

Chapter 14: Assessment of Gait

Definitions

Gait Cycle

Stance Phase

Swing Phase

Double-Leg Stance

Single-Leg Stance

Normal Parameters of Gait

Base (Step) Width

Step Length

Stride Length

Lateral Pelvic Shift (Pelvic List)

Vertical Pelvic Shift

Pelvic Rotation

Center of Gravity

Normal Cadence

Normal Pattern of Gait

Stance Phase

Swing Phase

Joint Motion during Normal Gait

Overview and Patient History

Observation

Examination

Compensatory Mechanisms

Abnormal Gait

Antalgic (Painful) Gait

Arthrogenic (Stiff Hip or Knee) Gait

Ataxic Gait

Contracture Gaits

Equinus Gait (Toe Walking)

Gluteus Maximus Gait

Gluteus Medius (Trendelenburg’s) Gait

Hemiplegic or Hemiparetic Gait

Parkinsonian Gait

Plantar Flexor Gait

Psoatic Limp

Quadriceps Avoidance Gait

Scissors Gait

Short Leg Gait

Steppage or Drop Foot Gait

References

Chapter 15: Assessment of Posture

Postural Development

Factors Affecting Posture

Causes of Poor Posture

Common Spinal Deformities

Lordosis

Kyphosis

Scoliosis

Patient History

Observation

Standing

Forward Flexion

Sitting

Supine Lying

Prone Lying

Examination

Preacutecis of the Postural Assessment

References

Chapter 16: Assessment of the Amputee

Levels of Amputation

Patient History

Observation

Examination

Measurements Related to Amputation

Active Movements

Passive Movements

Resisted Isometric Movements

Functional Assessment

Sensation Testing

Psychological Testing

Palpation

Diagnostic Imaging

Preacutecis of the Amputee Assessment

References

Appendix

Chapter 17: Primary Care Assessment

Objectives of the Evaluation

Primary Care History

Examination

Vital Signs

General Medical Problems

Head and Face

Neurological Examination and Convulsive Disorders (Including Head Injury)

Musculoskeletal Examination

Cardiovascular Examination

Pulmonary Examination

Gastrointestinal Examination

Urogenital Examination

Dermatological Examination

Examination for Heat (Hyperthermic) Disorders

Examination for Cold (Hypothermic) Disorders

Laboratory Tests

Diagnostic Imaging

Physical Fitness Profile (Functional Assessment)

Power

References

Appendix

Chapter 18: Emergency Sports Assessment

Pre-Event Preparation

Primary Assessment

Level of Consciousness

Establishing the Airway

Establishing Circulation

Assessment for Bleeding, Fluid Loss, and Shock

Pupil Check

Assessment for Spinal Cord Injury

Assessment for Head Injury (Neural Watch)

Assessment for Heat Injury

Assessment for Movement

Positioning the Patient

Injury Severity

Secondary Assessment

Preacutecis of the Emergency Sports Assessment

Case Studies

References

Index