Front cover

Atlas of Ultrasound-Guided Regional Anesthesia

Copyright page

Dedication

Preface

Table of Contents

Video Contents

1 Introduction to Ultrasound Imaging

1 Ultrasound

Reference

2 Speed of Sound

References

3 Attenuation

Reference

4 Reflection

References

5 Beam Width (Slice Thickness)

References

6 Anisotropy

References

7 Spatial Compound Imaging

8 Doppler Imaging

References

9 Ultrasound Transducers

10 Transducer Manipulation

Reference

11 Needle Imaging

Insertion Angle (Angle of Insonation)

Needle Gauge

Bevel Orientation

Receiver Gain

Needle Motion and Test Injections

Echogenic Modifications

Spatial Compound Imaging

References

12 Approach and Techniques

Out-of-Plane Approach

In-Plane Approach

Offline Markings

References

13 Sonographic Signs of Successful Injections

Reference

14 Ultrasound-Guided Catheter Placement for Peripheral Nerve Blocks

References

15 Three-Dimensional Ultrasound

References

2 Structures

16 Anatomic Structures

Reference

17 Skin and Subcutaneous Tissue

18 Peripheral Nerves

References

19 Tendons

References

20 Arteries

21 Veins

Reference

22 Bone

Reference

23 Pleura

References

24 Peritoneum

References

25 Lymph Nodes

3 Upper Extremity Blocks

26 Supraclavicular Nerve Block

Suggested Technique

References

27 Interscalene and Supraclavicular Blocks

Suggested Technique

References

28 Phrenic Nerve Imaging

References

29 Dorsal Scapular Nerve Imaging

Reference

30 Suprascapular Nerve Block

References

31 Infraclavicular Block

Suggested Technique

References

32 Axillary Block

Suggested Technique

References

33 Musculocutaneous Nerve Block

Suggested Technique

References

34 Forearm Blocks

References

35 Radial Nerve Block

Suggested Technique

Neurologic Assessment

References

36 Median Nerve Block

Suggested Technique

Neurologic Assessment

References

37 Ulnar Nerve Block

Suggested Technique

Neurologic Assessment

References

4 Lower Extremity Blocks

38 Lateral Femoral Cutaneous Nerve Block

Suggested Technique

References

39 Fascia Iliaca Block

Suggested Technique

References

40 Femoral Nerve Block

Suggested Technique

References

41 Saphenous Nerve Block

Suggested Technique

Subsartorial Plexus Block (Mid-Thigh)

Vastoadductor Membrane Block (Distal Thigh)

Subcutaneous Infiltration Block (Proximal Leg)

References

42 Obturator Nerve Block

Suggested Technique

References

43 Sciatic Nerve Block

Suggested Technique

References

44 Anterior Sciatic Nerve Block

Suggested Technique

References

45 Popliteal Block

Suggested Technique

References

46 Ankle Block

Reference

47 Deep Peroneal Nerve Block

Suggested Technique

References

48 Superficial Peroneal Nerve Block

Suggested Technique

References

49 Sural Nerve Block

Suggested Technique

References

50 Tibial Nerve Block

Suggested Technique

References

5 Trunk Blocks

51 Intercostal Nerve Block

Suggested Technique

References

52 Rectus Sheath Block

Suggested Technique

References

53 Ilioinguinal Nerve Block

Suggested Technique

References

54 Transversus Abdominis Plane Block

Sonographic Landmarks

Suggested Technique

References

55 Neuraxial Block

Introduction

Suggested Technique for Offline Lumbar Epidural Catheter Placement

References

56 Caudal Epidural Block

Suggested Technique

References

Six Head and Neck Blocks

57 Mental Nerve Block

Suggested Technique

References

58 Superior Laryngeal Nerve Block

Suggested Technique

References

59 Great Auricular Nerve Block

Suggested Technique

References

60 Cervical Plexus Block

Suggested Technique

References

61 Stellate Ganglion Block (Cervicothoracic Sympathetic Ganglion Block)

Anatomic Structures to Be Identified for Stellate Ganglion Block

Esophagus

Inferior Thyroid Artery

Vertebral Artery and Vein

Anterior and Posterior Tubercles

Phrenic Nerve

Longus Colli Muscle

Approach and Suggested Technique

References

Seven Safety Issues

62 Adverse Events

Reference

63 Intravascular Injections

References

64 Intraneural Injections

References

65 Pneumothorax and Other Chest Pathology

References

Appendix 1 Self-Assessment Questions: Text

Answers to Text Questions

Answer 1: B

Answer 2: C

Answer 3: A

Answer 4: C

Answer 5: B

Answer 6: C

Answer 7: A, B, C

Answer 8: C

Answer 9: C

Answer 10: B

Answer 11: C

Answer 12: B

Answer 13: The anterior scalene muscle

Answer 14: The second part of the axillary artery (under the pectoralis minor muscle)

Answer 15: Axillary and musculocutaneous nerves

Answer 16: The coracobrachialis

Answer 17

Answer 18: True

Answer 19: C

Answer 20: A and B

Answer 21: True

Answer 22: Saphenous vein

Answer 23: C

Answer 24: The pectineus (femoral nerve) and part of the adductor magnus (partially innervated by the sciatic nerve)

Answer 25

Appendix 2 Self-Assessment Questions: Images

Answers to Image Questions

Answer 1: B

Answer 2: A

Answer 3: B

Answer 4: See labeled sonogram.

Answer 5: See labeled sonogram.

Answer 6: See labeled sonogram.

Answer 7: See labeled sonogram.

Answer 8: See labeled sonogram.

Answer 9: See labeled sonogram.

Answer 10: See labeled sonogram.

Answer 11: See labeled sonogram.

Answer 12: See labeled sonogram.

Answer 13: See labeled sonogram.

Answer 14: See labeled sonogram.

Answer 15: See labeled sonogram.

Answer 16: See labeled sonogram.

Answer 17: See labeled sonogram.

Answer 18: See labeled sonogram.

Answer 19: See labeled sonogram.

Answer 20: See labeled sonogram.

Answer 21: See labeled sonogram.

Answer 22: See labeled sonogram.

Answer 23: See labeled sonogram.

Answer 24: See labeled sonogram.

Answer 25: C

Appendix 3 Advanced Self-Assessment Questions: Text

Answers to Text Questions

Answer 1:

Answer 2: False

Answer 3: C

Answer 4: D

Answer 5: The same speed (4000 m/sec)

Answer 6: G

Appendix 4 Advanced Self-Assessment Questions: Images

Answers to Image Questions

Answer 1: B

Answer 2: D

Answer 3: D

Answer 4: D

Answer 5: See labeled sonogram.

Answer 6: See labeled sonogram.

Answer 7: See labeled sonogram.

Index

A

B

C

D

E

F

G

H

I

L

M

N

O

P

Q

R

S

T

U

V

W