Chapter
Policies Addressing Marriage and Childbearing
POLICY RESPONSES TO CHANGING ECONOMIC CONDITIONS
Unemployment Insurance Benefits
Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP/Food Stamp) Benefits
WELFARE, WORK, AND POVERTY STATUS OF FEMALE-HEADED FAMILIES WITH CHILDREN
Number of Families Headed by Single Mothers
Incidence of Poverty by Mothers’ Marital Status
Poverty and Cash Welfare Receipt among Single Mothers
Work, Poverty, and Cash Welfare Receipt of Single Mothers
SINGLE MOTHERS’ EMPLOYMENT
Unemployment Rates Across the Business Cycle
Poor Single Mothers’ Work and Welfare Status
RECEIPT OF SELECTED BENEFITS BY “EARNINGS POOR” FEMALE-HEADED FAMILIES WITH CHILDREN
Earned Income Tax Credit (EITC)
Supplemental Security Income (SSI)
Unemployment Insurance (UI) Benefits
Food Stamp/Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP) Benefits
Additional Child Tax Credit (ACTC)
EFFECTS OF EARNINGS, TRANSFERS, AND TAXES ON SINGLE MOTHERS’ POVERTY STATUS
Addition of Income from Sources Not Included in the “Official” U.S. Poverty Measure
Effect of Earnings and Other Non-Welfare Cash Income on Poverty
Effect of Cash Welfare on Poverty
The Invisible Safety Net—Effect on Poverty of Counting Selected Income Sources Not Included in the “Official” Poverty Measure
Effect of Food Stamp/SNAP Benefits on Poverty
Net Effect of the EITC on Poverty
Effect of the ACTC on Poverty
Effect of Federal Economic Stimulus and Economic Recovery Payments on Poverty
Effect of Unrelated Household Member’s Income on Poverty
Comparison of the Effects of Earnings, Transfers, and Taxes on Poverty, by Single Mothers’ Work Status
Single Mothers Who Worked During the Year - Figure 14
Effects of Selected Cash Income Sources on Poverty
Effects on Poverty of Selected Income Sources Not Included in the “Official” Poverty Measure
Single Mothers Who Did Not Work during the Year - Figure 15
Effects of Selected Cash Income Sources on Poverty
Effects on Poverty of Selected Income Sources Not Included in the “Official” Poverty Measure
Transformation of Income Safety-Net Programs toward Work-Conditioned Support
Cash Welfare’s Residual Safety-Net Role
Living Arrangements as an Alternative to Welfare
Illness or Disability among Nonworking Single Mothers
Cash Welfare Receipt among Ill or Disabled Nonworking Single Mothers
The Work-Based Income Safety Net in Times of Recession and Recovery
The Invisible Safety-Net - Benefits not Officially Counted toward Poverty Reduction
Single Mothers’ Attachment to the Work-Based Safety Net
Role of Traditional Welfare
APPENDIX A. FROM MOTHERS’ PENSIONS TO TANF – A BRIEF HISTORY
Mothers’ Pensions to Aid to Dependent Children
Increased Federal Involvement
Legal Challenges to Restrictive State Welfare Practices
Federal Efforts to Stem Rising Public Assistance Caseloads
The Rise (and Fall) of Social Services as an Answer to Reducing Welfare Dependency
Federal Efforts to Constrain AFDC Caseload Growth due to Absent Fathers
Promoting Self-Sufficiency - Work Incentives, Requirements, and Sanctions
APPENDIX B. CASH WELFARE UNDER-REPORTING ON THE C
APPENDIX C. SUPPORT TABLES
Chapter 2 TEMPORARY ASSISTANCE FOR NEEDY FAMILIES: IMPLICATIONS OF CASELOAD AND PROGRAM CHANGES FOR FAMILIES AND PROGRAM MONITORING
CHANGES TO STATE TANF PROGRAMS CONTRIBUTED TO A LONG-TERM DECLINE IN PARTICIPATION BUT CASELOADS ARE STARTING TO INCREASE IN MANY STATES
MOST TANF PARTICIPANTS AND ELIGIBLE NON-RECIPIENTSHAVE LOW INCOMES, AND A SMALL SUBGROUP HAVE VERY LOW INCOMES
EFFORTS TO MEASURE STATES’ ENGAGEMENT OF TANF RECIPIENTS IN WORK ACTIVITIES AND TO MONITOR STATES’ USE OF ALL TANF FUNDS FALL SHORT
States Used Flexibilities Allowed in Law to Engage a Smaller Share of Participants in Work Activities than Stated Goal
Reduced Cash Assistance Caseloads Freed up TANF Funds for Purposes Beyond Welfare-to-Work Programs but Limited Information Exists on Use of These Funds
Trends in the Economic Well-Being of Female-Headed Households
( Economic Issues, Problems and Perspectives )
Disclaimer: Any content in publications that violate the sovereignty, the constitution or regulations of the PRC is not accepted or approved by CNPIEC.