Chapter
Mexico Represents the Country of Birth for Most SCAAP Criminal Aliens in Local Jails as of Fiscal Year 2009
Number of Criminal Alien Apprehensions and Removals Increased from Calendar Years 2007 through 2010
Criminal Alien Arrests and Convictions
The Majority of Criminal Aliens in Our Study Population Had from 1 to 5 Arrests and from 1 to 10 Offenses
65 Percent of the Criminal Aliens in Our Study Population Were Arrested at Least Once for an Immigration Offense
Immigration, Drugs, and Traffic Violations Accounted for about 50 Percent of Offenses in Our Study Population
The Majority of Criminal Aliens in Our Study Population Were Arrested in California, Texas, or Arizona
Almost 90 Percent of Primary Federal Convictions Related to Criminal Alien Offenders in Fiscal Year 2009 Were for Immigration or Drug-Related Offenses
Forty-Three Percent of Individuals Convicted as a Result of Terrorism-Related Investigations Were Aliens
About 20 Percent of Individuals Convicted under
Statutes Directly Related to Terrorism Were Aliens
About 50 Percent of Individuals Convicted under
Other Statutes Were Aliens
Three of the Individuals on DOJ’s List Received U.S. Citizenship after Their Conviction
About 50 Percent of All Arizona State Convictions of SCAAP Illegal Alien Inmates in Fiscal Year 2008 Were Related to Drugs, Traffic Violations, and Assault
About 50 Percent of California State Primary Convictions of SCAAP Illegal Alien Inmates in Fiscal Year 2008 Were Related to Drugs, Assault, and Sex Offenses
About 50 Percent of All Florida State Convictions of SCAAP Illegal Alien Inmates in Fiscal Year 2008 Were Related to Drugs, Sex Offenses, Burglary, and Robbery
50 Percent of New York State Primary Convictions of SCAAP Illegal Alien Inmates in Fiscal Year 2008 Were Related to Homicide and Drugs
50 Percent of Texas State Primary Convictions of SCAAP Illegal Alien Inmates in Fiscal Year 2008 Were Related to Drugs, Sex Offenses, and Assault
Estimated Costs of Criminal Alien Incarcerations
Federal Prison and SCAAP Costs to Incarcerate Criminal Aliens Increased from Fiscal Years 2005 through 2009
SCAAP Reimbursements to States and Local Jurisdictions Increased from Fiscal Years 2003 through 2008 but Declined
Estimated Selected Operating Costs to Incarcerate SCAAP Criminal Aliens in Prisons Nationwide Increased about 56 Percent from Fiscal Years 2003 through 2009
Estimated Operating Costs per Inmate to Incarcerate SCAAP Criminal Aliens in Prisons in All 50 States Ranged from about $10,000 to $12,500
California Accounted for about 70 Percent of Total Costs for Selected States to Incarcerate SCAAP Criminal Aliens in Fiscal Year 2008
California Accounted for about 70 Percent of Total Costs for Selected States to Incarcerate SCAAP Criminal Aliens in Fiscal Year 2009
Selected Total State Costs per Inmate to Incarcerate SCAAP Criminal Aliens in Fiscal Year 2009 Ranged from about $12,000 to about $34,000
Selected Localities’ Costs to Incarcerate SCAAP Criminal Aliens Ranged from $21 Million to $86 Million in Fiscal Year 2008
Selected Localities’ Costs to Incarcerate SCAAP Criminal Aliens Ranged from $30 Million to $139 Million in Fiscal Year 2009
DOJ Plans to Update Its SCAAP Reimbursement Methodology Consistent with Best Practices
Agency and Third-Party Comments
Appendix I: Scope and Methodology
Incarcerated Criminal Alien Population in Federal and State Prison Systems and Local Jails
Types of Criminal Alien Arrest Offenses and Convictions
Costs Associated with Incarcerating the Criminal Alien Population
Appendix II: Criminal Alien Costs in Fiscal Year 2010 Dollars
Appendix III: SCAAP Criminal Alien Incarcerations in State Prisons and Local Jails (Corresponds to Fig. 4)
Interior Immigration Enforcement: Programs Targeting Criminal Aliens*
Defining “Criminal Aliens”
Quantifying the Criminal Alien Population
Federal-Level Arrest Data
Federal, State, and Local Incarceration Data
Estimates from the American Community Survey
Other Estimates of the Criminal Alien Population
History of Criminal Alien Removal Programs
ICE Programs Targeting Criminal Aliens
Jail Enforcement Programs
Criminal Alien Program (CAP)
§ 287(g) Jail Screening Program
§ 287(g) Task Force Program
National Fugitive Operations Program
Differences among Criminal Alien Enforcement Programs
DHS Enforcement Priorities and Discretion
March 2011 ICE Guidance Memo
June 2011 ICE Guidance Memo
August 2011 DHS Announcement
Controversies Surrounding Interior Enforcement Programs
The Rationale Behind Secure Communities and the § 287(g) Program
Partnerships with State and Local Law Enforcement
Agencies Augment ICE’s Enforcement Capacity
Jail Enforcement Programs Are Efficient Tools to Identify
Criminal Aliens and Other Potentially Removable Aliens
Jail Enforcement Programs Identify Potentially Removable
Aliens Early in the Criminal Justice Process
Additional Potential Advantages of Particular
Jail Enforcement Programs
Concerns About Secure Communities and Other ICE Programs
Jail Enforcement Programs Are Not Narrowly Focused on Serious Criminals
Involving State and Local Law Enforcement in Immigration-Related Screening May Harm Community-Police Relations
Involving State and Local Law Enforcement in Immigration-Related Screening May Contribute to Racial Profiling
Jail Enforcement Programs May Result in Wrongful Detentions
Can Jurisdictions “Opt out” of Secure Communities?
ICE Has Taken Steps to Address Concerns about Secure Communities and the § 287(g) Program
The Role of State and Local Law Enforcement Agencies in Immigration Enforcement
Appendix A. Glossary of Terms
Appendix B. Data on Arrests and Incarceration of the Criminal Alien Population
Data Quality and Limitations
Arrests and Incarcerations Are Imperfect
Indicators of Immigrant Criminality
Inconsistent State and Local Data Reporting
Additional Sources of Bias
Presentation of Publicly Available Data
Immigration Consequences of Criminal Activity*
Administration of Immigration Law
Categories of Criminal Aliens
Crimes Involving Moral Turpitude
Crimes Affecting Assessment of Good Moral Character
Major Immigration Consequences
Designation as Inadmissible Alien
Denial of Discretionary Relief
Temporary Protected Status
Naturalization Restrictions
Recent Legislative Activity
Criminal Aliens in the U.S.: Statistics and Immigration Enforcement
( Law, Crime and Law Enforcement )
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