Description
DNA Modifications in the Brain: Neuroepigenetic Regulation of Gene Expression begins with an historical overview of the early discoveries surrounding DNA methylation in the mammalian brain and then explores the evidence supporting a role for this epigenetic mechanism in controlling gene expression programs across the lifespan in both normal and diseased states.
Chapters describe new directions and technological advances, and provide an overview of what the future holds for this exciting new field. This book is ideal for medical, graduate and advanced undergraduate students, but is also a great resource for researchers who need a broad introduction to the dynamic nature of DNA that sheds light on evolving concepts of gene-environment interaction and their effects on adaptation and neuropsychiatric disease.
- Provides a comprehensive overview of the many facets of DNA modifications
- Discusses the impact of this dynamic epigenetic mechanism across brain development and lifespan at behavioral, cognitive, molecular and genetic levels
- Contains contributions by influential leaders in the field
- Edited by a Neuroscientist to further promote synthesis between epigenetics, neuroscience, and clinical relevance
Chapter
1 - History and Modern View on DNA Modifications in the Brain
DNA METHYLATION AND ITS INFLUENCE ON DNA STRUCTURE AND INTERACTION WITH PROTEINS
REPLICATIVE DNA METHYLATION AND THE INHERITANCE OF THE DNA METHYLATION PATTERN
SPECIFICITY OF DNA METHYLATION
FUNCTIONAL ROLES OF DNA METHYLATION
Species, tissue, and age specificity
Early life stress behavior
2 - Approaches to Detecting DNA Base Modification in the Brain
METHODS FOR DETECTION OF DNA MODIFICATIONS IN THE GENOME
Chromatography and mass spectrometry
BISULFITE SEQUENCING FOR THE DETECTION OF 5MC
ANALYSIS OF BISULFITE-TREATED DNA WITHOUT SEQUENCING
EXTENDING BISULFITE SEQUENCING: BEYOND 5MC
RESTRICTION ENZYMES FOR DNA MODIFICATIONS
OTHER CHEMICAL APPROACHES
DETECTION OF DNA MODIFICATIONS IN THE BRAIN
GENOME-WIDE SEQUENCING APPROACHES
CONCLUSIONS AND FUTURE DIRECTIONS
3 - Active DNA Demethylation in Neurodevelopment
FUNDAMENTAL BRAIN DEVELOPMENT
INTERPLAY OF DNA METHYLATION AND DEMETHYLATION
Ten-eleven translocation cytosine dioxygenase
MAPPING AND QUANTIFICATION OF THE DERIVATIVES OF 5MC
4 - TET and 5hmC in Neurodevelopment and the Adult Brain
GLOBAL 5HMC AND TET EXPRESSION THROUGHOUT THE ADULT BRAIN
GENOMIC DISTRIBUTION OF 5HMC
ROLE OF 5HMC IN BRAIN DEVELOPMENT
5HMC CHANGES ASSOCIATED WITH NEURONAL DIFFERENTIATION
ROLE OF 5HMC IN AGING AND NEURODEGENERATION
ROLE OF TET ENZYMES IN BRAIN FUNCTION
5 - Beyond mCG: DNA Methylation in Noncanonical Sequence Context
INTRODUCTION: BEYOND CG METHYLATION
VARIABLE NON–CG METHYLATION ACROSS CELL TYPES
NON–CG METHYLATION AND BRAIN CELL DIVERSITY
NON–CG METHYLATION IN X CHROMOSOME INACTIVATION
POSSIBLE FUNCTIONS OF NON–CG METHYLATION
OUTLOOK AND FUTURE DIRECTIONS
6 - DNA Modifications and Memory
DNA MODIFICATIONS AND NEURONAL MEMORY
DNA MODIFICATION AND BEHAVIORAL MEMORY
Spatial and fear memory systems
Reward-related memory systems
DNA methylation in brain diseases involving cognitive deficits
How is DNA methylation regulated at specific genes?
How does DNA methylation regulate cell-wide or synapse-specific plasticity to control memory?
How do other DNA modifications contribute to memory formation?
7 - Measuring CpG Methylation by SMRT Sequencing
DNA METHYLOME OF DISEASE-ASSOCIATED REPEATS
TRADITIONAL METHODS FOR OBSERVING DNA METHYLOME
SMRT SEQUENCING TO DETECT DNA MODIFICATIONS
PREDICTION OF THE REGIONAL METHYLATION STATE FROM KINETIC DATA
GENOME-WIDE METHYLATION PATTERN OF REPETITIVE ELEMENTS IN THE HUMAN GENOME
ANALYSIS OF AN ACTIVE TRANSPOSABLE ELEMENT
8 - Epigenetic Modifications of DNA and Drug Addiction
ADDICTION AND REWARD PATHWAY
DNA METHYLATION AND ITS CATALYZING DNMT ENZYMES IN ADDICTION
Studies of cocaine and other psychostimulants
METHYL-CYTOSINE OXIDATION AND ITS TET CATALYZING ENZYMES IN ADDICTION
GENOME-WIDE MAPPING OF DNA MODIFICATIONS IN ADDICTION
CHALLENGES AND FUTURE DIRECTIONS
9 - What Does the Future Hold for the Study of Nucleic Acid Modifications in the Brain?
EXPANDING THE REALM OF POSSIBILITY: DNA MODIFICATIONS ON ALL FOUR BASES
DNA MODIFICATIONS DRIVE DNA STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION
DNA MODIFICATIONS INFLUENCE DNA EDITING
TAKING NEUROEPIGENETICS TO THE NEXT LEVEL: EPITRANSCRIPTOMICS COMES OF AGE
OUTSTANDING QUESTIONS AND EMERGING TECHNOLOGIES
DNA Modifications in the Brain
：Neuroepigenetic Regulation of Gene Expression
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