Contents

1 Introduction

2 Remembering and Forgetting Zimbabwe : Towards a Third Transition

3 Contested Memories of Repression in the Southern Cone: Commemorations in a Comparative Perspective

4 What is Written in Our Hearts : Memory, Justice and the Healing of Fragmented Communities

5 Memory and Forgetting: The Roma Holocaust

6 Continuity and Discontinuity of East German Identity Following the Fall of the Berlin Wall

7 Mobilising Memories: Protestant and Unionist Victims Groups and the Politics of Victimhood in the Irish Pea

8 In the Name of the Victims : The Politics of Compensation in the Work of the South African Truth and Reco

9 The Construction of Voice and Identity in the South African Truth and Reconciliation Commission

10 Remembering Ordinary Agency Under East German State Socialism: Revelations of the Rostock District Record, 1978 89

11 Insinuating Spaces: Memories of a Madrid Neighbourhood During the Spanish Transition

12 Public Bad, Public Good( s) and Private Realities

13 The Politics of Memory and International Trials for Wartime Rape

14 Networks of Memory: Chileans Debate Democracy and the Pinochet Legacy Over an Internet Forum

15 Reconciling Reconciliation: A Personal and Public Journey of Testifying Before the South African Trut

16 Empire Dies for Irish Freedom: Silence and Amnesia in Anglo- Irish Talks

Notes on Contributors

Index

amnesty/impunity

, 154-5

, 166

, 259

Angolan war/peace 15

Bayart,J-F.,S.Ellis and B.Hibou 219

Beckett,Samuel

Beckett,Samuel, 8

Beckett,Samuel, 282-5

Berdahl,D. 4n10

Bhabha,H.

Bhabha,H., 8

Bhabha,H., 280

Bhabha,H., 286

Bohley,B.

Bohley,B., 19

Bohley,B., 121-2

Boraine,A.

Boraine,A., 10

Boraine,A., 160-1

Brazil 3

Chakrabarty,D.

Chakrabarty,D., 2

Chakrabarty,D., 49n13

Chile

Allende, 5

Allende, 259

La Tercera , 50

Pinochet, 7

Pinochet, 86

Pinochet, 246-9

Cold War/post-Cold War 213

commemoration

, 9

, 55-66

, 79

, 97

, 142

, 199

, 204

, 272-3

Crowe,D. 4

Dawidowicz,L. 2

de Certeau,M. 6

Dewar,M.,J.Brown and S.Long 132

ethnic cleansing

ethnic cleansing, 5

ethnic cleansing, 137

ethnic cleansing, 140

exhumations

exhumations, 5

exhumations, 77-9

exhumations, 81

exhumations, 86-7

Fings,K.,H.Heuss and F.Sparing 90

Finlay,L.

Finlay,L., 1

Finlay,L., 143n3

Foster,A.

Foster,A., 4

Foster,A., 143n3

Foucault,M. 4

Fraser,A. 5

Frazer,W.

Frazer,W., 2

Frazer,W., 143n3

genocide

genocide, 10

genocide, 71-2

genocide, 84

genocide, 85

genocide, 86

genocide, 90-1

genocide, 96

genocide, 132

genocide, 247

Germany/East Germany

Berlin Wall, 13

Stasi , 20

Stasi , 188

Stasi , 194n9

unification, 10

unification, 115-20

unification, 185

unification, 193-4

Goldblatt,B.and S.Meintjes 175

Guatemala

71

1996 Peace Accords

civil patrols 79-85

Commission for Historical Clarification [CEH], 2

Commission for Historical Clarification [CEH], 74

Commission for Historical Clarification [CEH], 79

Commission for Historical Clarification [CEH], 83-4

Guatemalan Forensic Anthropology Foundation [FAFG]

Plan de Sánchez massacre, 1

Plan de Sánchez massacre, 73-9

Plan de Sánchez massacre, 81-2

Río Negro trial, 84

, 86

Habermas,J. 9

Hacking,I. 1

human rights abuses

human rights abuses, 43-4

human rights abuses, 53-66

human rights abuses, 71-2

human rights abuses, 83-4

human rights abuses, 90

human rights abuses, 97

human rights abuses, 128

human rights abuses, 131

human rights abuses, 136-7

human rights abuses, 165-6

human rights abuses, 169-73

human rights abuses, 217

human rights abuses, 221

human rights activists/organisations

in transitions, 61

in transitions, 206

international human rights law, 11-12

human rights debating human rights

defining gross violations, 54

defining gross violations, 157-60

defining gross violations, 166-7

defining gross violations, 170

defining gross violations, 174-6

defining gross violations, 274

global/local, 2

global/local, 73

global/local, 79

global/local, 227-30

, 254

, 256-60

Human Rights Watch

Human Rights Watch, 14

Human Rights Watch, 218

Hutton,P. 8

identity

collective identity, 7

collective identity, 78-9

collective identity, 101

collective identity, 109

collective identity, 118-21

collective identity, 128

collective identity, 132-3

collective identity, 137

contested/complex identities, 108-11

contested/complex identities, 117-22

contested/complex identities, 133

contested/complex identities, 138

continuity and change, 11

continuity and change, 115

continuity and change, 116-22

defining victim,and victimhood, 129

defining victim,and victimhood, 139

defining victim,and victimhood, 148-54

defining victim,and victimhood, 157-60

defining victim,and victimhood, 166-7

defining victim,and victimhood, 170

defining victim,and victimhood, 174-6

defining victim,and victimhood, 265

defining victim,and victimhood, 270-1

defining victim,and victimhood, 274

individual identity

national identity, 10

national identity, 113-21

national identity, 176

national identity, 259

national identity, 286-8

politics of victimhood, 123n8

politics of victimhood, 127-42

politics of victimhood, 148-61

politics of victimhood, 166-7

politics of victimhood, 169

politics of victimhood, 177n10

rape victim/survivor, 9

rape victim/survivor, 231-2

rape victim/survivor, 236

rape victim/survivor, 242-3

IRA

the peace process, 30

the peace process, 133

the peace process, 137-9

the peace process, 141

the peace process, 280-2

the peace process, 284

Ulster Defence Regiment, 134-5

Ulster Defence Regiment, 137

Ulster Defence Regiment, 140-1

, 3

, 136-9

, 141

, 281

Ireland/Northern Ireland Arms Trial

Bloody Sunday and inquiry, 139-40

Bloomfield Commission 128-9

Japanese military sexual slavery/comfort women 242

justice

justice, 6

justice, 68n10

justice, 71

justice, 73

justice, 75

justice, 78-87

justice, 134

justice, 138-9

justice, 141

justice, 158-9

justice, 168

justice, 221

justice, 228-30

justice, 242

justice, 246-8

justice, 252-3

justice, 256-7

justice, 259-60

justice, 289

Kelso,M. 5

Kenrick,D.,and G.Puxon

Kenrick,D.,and G.Puxon, 2

Kenrick,D.,and G.Puxon, 94

Kocka,J.

Kocka,J., 11

Kocka,J., 184

Lewy,G.

Lewy,G., 5

Lewy,G., 103n15

Lynch,H.

Lynch,H., 4

Lynch,H., 138-9

Lynch,H., 141

Lynch,H., 143n3

Makumbe,J. 8

McKittrick,D.,S.Kelters,B.Feeney and C.Thornton

McKittrick,D.,S.Kelters,B.Feeney and C.Thornton, 2

McKittrick,D.,S.Kelters,B.Feeney and C.Thornton, 136

Memory

anti-/post-colonial memory, 29-32

anti-/post-colonial memory, 34

anti-/post-colonial memory, 37

anti-/post-colonial memory, 39

anti-/post-colonial memory, 40-3

anti-/post-colonial memory, 45-8

collective memory, 9

collective memory, 55

collective memory, 65-6

collective memory, 71

collective memory, 73

collective memory, 79

collective memory, 84

collective memory, 86

collective memory, 101-2

collective memory, 120-1

collective memory, 128

collective memory, 131-5

collective memory, 137

collective memory, 140-2

collective memory, 247

collective memory, 249

collective memory, 253-60

contested/conflicting memory, 1-3

contested/conflicting memory, 41

contested/conflicting memory, 54-66

contested/conflicting memory, 101-2

contested/conflicting memory, 111

contested/conflicting memory, 132-4

contested/conflicting memory, 137

contested/conflicting memory, 140

contested/conflicting memory, 142

contested/conflicting memory, 199-200

contested/conflicting memory, 246-7

contested/conflicting memory, 254-60

cultural memory, 4

cultural memory, 140

forgetting/silence/invisibility, 5

forgetting/silence/invisibility, 6

forgetting/silence/invisibility, 48

forgetting/silence/invisibility, 54-6

forgetting/silence/invisibility, 65-6

forgetting/silence/invisibility, 73

forgetting/silence/invisibility, 96-102

forgetting/silence/invisibility, 116-17

forgetting/silence/invisibility, 127-8

forgetting/silence/invisibility, 131

forgetting/silence/invisibility, 133-5

forgetting/silence/invisibility, 137

forgetting/silence/invisibility, 141

forgetting/silence/invisibility, 165-6

forgetting/silence/invisibility, 170

forgetting/silence/invisibility, 173-6

forgetting/silence/invisibility, 199

forgetting/silence/invisibility, 212-13

forgetting/silence/invisibility, 215-17

forgetting/silence/invisibility, 220-23

forgetting/silence/invisibility, 242-3

forgetting/silence/invisibility, 246

forgetting/silence/invisibility, 254

forgetting/silence/invisibility, 259-60

forgetting/silence/invisibility, 269-70

forgetting/silence/invisibility, 271

forgetting/silence/invisibility, 276-7

forgetting/silence/invisibility, 281

forgetting/silence/invisibility, 286-7

individual memory, 133-5

individual memory, 140

interned/freed memory, 286-8

Mertus,J.

Mertus,J., 2

Mertus,J., 228

myth and memory

national memory/nationalism, 5-7 29

national memory/nationalism, 34

national memory/nationalism, 35-7

national memory/nationalism, 39

national memory/nationalism, 42-3

national memory/nationalism, 45-8

national memory/nationalism, 54

national memory/nationalism, 286

politics of memory, 5

politics of memory, 31

politics of memory, 37

politics of memory, 39

politics of memory, 40

politics of memory, 41

politics of memory, 46-8

politics of memory, 54-5

politics of memory, 66

politics of memory, 127

public memory, 243

, 47-8

, 48-9n4

Novick,P. 6

Offe,C. 9

Paraguay

Stroessner,A., 4

Stroessner,A., 67n2

people 's tribunal 3

Pflugbeil,S.

Pflugbeil,S., 15

Pflugbeil,S., 119

Pickel,A. 9

rape

rape, 6

rape, 171-2

rape, 227-43

reconciliation

reconciliation, 5

reconciliation, 41

reconciliation, 45

reconciliation, 48

reconciliation, 54

reconciliation, 67n6

reconciliation, 85

reconciliation, 128-9

reconciliation, 136

reconciliation, 142

reconciliation, 168

reconciliation, 198

reconciliation, 242

reconciliation, 246-8

reconciliation, 250

reconciliation, 253

reconciliation, 259-60

reconciliation, 271-3

Reich,J. 15

Reinecke,R.

Reinecke,R., 14

Reinecke,R., 121

reparations/redress/compensation

29

33-4

38-40

42-5

96

100

101

129-30

134-7

140-2

148-50

153-61

166

242

Roma

neglect of,silence about Roma Holocaust, 1

neglect of,silence about Roma Holocaust, 96-102

numbers killed in World War II, 91

persecution, 6

persecution, 98-9

persecution, 101

Porajmos , 101

socio-economic situation, 7

socio-economic situation, 100-1

Sithole,M.

Sithole,M., 9

Sithole,M., 40

Sithole,M., 41

Slaughter,J. 12

Smyth,M. 9

South Africa

ANC, 9

ANC, 155-61

ANC, 171-2

ANC, 262

ANC, 265-6

Cape Town, 2

Cape Town, 273-4

Promotion of National Unity and Reconcil-iation Act, 152-3

Promotion of National Unity and Reconcil-iation Act, 155

Promotion of National Unity and Reconcil-iation Act, 166-9.264

TRC Report, 165-6

TRC Report, 167

TRC Report, 168-9

TRC Report, 170

TRC Report, 172-3

TRC Report, 175

TRC Report, 177n7

TRC Report, 266-7

TRC Women 's Hearings, 2

TRC Women 's Hearings, 173-4

TRC Women 's Hearings, 175

Tutu,D., 7

Tutu,D., 158

Tutu,D., 168

Tutu,D., 268

Tutu,D., 270

Southern Cone,South America

53-4

64-6

space/place

civil spaces, 2

civil spaces, 9-10

civil spaces, 60

civil spaces, 62-3

civil spaces, 73

civil spaces, 75

civil spaces, 78-9

civil spaces, 86-7

civil spaces, 109

civil spaces, 142

civil spaces, 183

civil spaces, 242-3

civil spaces, 246-53

civil spaces, 258

civil spaces, 272-5

erased spaces, 13

erased spaces, 215

erased spaces, 217

erased spaces, 221-3

narrative spaces, 10

narrative spaces, 109

narrative spaces, 128

narrative spaces, 140

narrative spaces, 242-3

narrative spaces, 263-6

narrative spaces, 272-5

narrative spaces, 276

narrative spaces, 278

national space, 200

public spaces, 10

public spaces, 55-60

public spaces, 62-4

public spaces, 66

public spaces, 73

public spaces, 75

public spaces, 78-9

public spaces, 86-7

public spaces, 109

public spaces, 128

public spaces, 134

public spaces, 171

public spaces, 242-3

public spaces, 246-53

public spaces, 258

public spaces, 266

, 3

, 7-10

, 19

space/place and agency

space/place and agency, 5

space/place and agency, 187-94

space/place and agency, 200-1

space/place and agency, 202-8

space/place and agency, 271-3

Spain Alonso,Hilaria

Catholic church, 3

Catholic church, 210n11

Communist Party, 3

Communist Party, 207

Communist Party, 210n12

De Borbón,King Juan Carlos, 198-9

De Borbón,King Juan Carlos, 207-8

ETA/Basque separatism, 207

ETA/Basque separatism, 208n2

Franco/civil war, 9

Franco/civil war, 201-3

Franco/civil war, 210n12

transition 198-201

transition 205-7

, 205-7

, 208

Taylor,R.

Taylor,R., 80

Taylor,R., 282

Taylor,R., 287

Templin,W. 12

transition

and time [past,present,future], 2

and time [past,present,future], 4

and time [past,present,future], 7-8

and time [past,present,future], 29-32

and time [past,present,future], 46-8

and time [past,present,future], 54-6

and time [past,present,future], 64-6

and time [past,present,future], 79

and time [past,present,future], 96-8

and time [past,present,future], 121-2

and time [past,present,future], 123-4n10

and time [past,present,future], 198-9

and time [past,present,future], 201

and time [past,present,future], 251

and time [past,present,future], 253-4

and time [past,present,future], 258-60

and time [past,present,future], 271-3

and time [past,present,future], 278-80

and time [past,present,future], 283-4

and time [past,present,future], 287

and time [past,present,future], 289

politics and cultures, 3

politics and cultures, 6

politics and cultures, 30

politics and cultures, 32

politics and cultures, 33-48

politics and cultures, 56

politics and cultures, 184

politics and cultures, 198-201

politics and cultures, 205-7

politics and cultures, 212

politics and cultures, 247-8

politics and cultures, 258

truth commissions

truth commissions, 2

truth commissions, 3

truth commissions, 9

truth commissions, 34

truth commissions, 61

truth commissions, 154

truth commissions, 168

truth commissions, 177n3

truth commissions, 208n2

truth commissions, 242

Uruguay 61

Villa-Vicencio,C.and W.Verwoerd 148

voice

and agency, 7

and agency, 227-30

and agency, 240-3

and healing, 6

and healing, 73

and healing, 86

and healing, 128

and healing, 133-37

and healing, 140-2

and healing, 148

and healing, 155

and healing, 160-1

and healing, 167-9

and healing, 173-5

and healing, 263-70

and healing, 272-5

and the legal anti-narrative, 227-43

collective/national voice, 117

collective/national voice, 276

collective/national voice, 283-4

collective/national voice, 287-8

different/contested voices, 159-60

different/contested voices, 199-200

different/contested voices, 242-3

different/contested voices, 251

different/contested voices, 258

different/contested voices, 274-5

different/contested voices, 276

interned/occupied voice, 283-9

lacking/struggle for voice, 96-102

lacking/struggle for voice, 127

lacking/struggle for voice, 130-6

lacking/struggle for voice, 138

lacking/struggle for voice, 140-1

lacking/struggle for voice, 199-200

lacking/struggle for voice, 250

lacking/struggle for voice, 263-5

lacking/struggle for voice, 269-70

lacking/struggle for voice, 272

lacking/struggle for voice, 281

lacking/struggle for voice, 283-9

ownership of voice, 70

women 's voices, 6

women 's voices, 169-75

women 's voices, 227-43

, 3

, 8-12

, 22

Wald,P. 9

War Crimes Tribunals

Foca case, 43

, 2

, 3

, 12

, 227-30

war economies 23

Wilson,R. 1

Yeld,J. 8

Yoder,J.

Yoder,J., 18

Yoder,J., 120

ZANU [PF] 48

ZAPU

ZAPU, 5

ZAPU, 46

ZCTU

ZCTU, 9

ZCTU, 41

ZCTU, 43

Zimbabwe and Britain

constitution, 2

constitution, 45

Fifth Brigade/Gukurahundi , 38-9

Mugabe,Robert, 6

Mugabe,Robert, 40

Mugabe,Robert, 41

Mugabe,Robert, 42-5

Mugabe,Robert, 47

war veterans, 40

war veterans, 42-4

World Bank], 7

World Bank], 40

World Bank], 45