Multiphysics Simulation by Design for Electrical Machines, Power Electronics and Drives

Chapter

1.4 Efficiency Map

1.5 Thermal Constraints

1.6 Robust Design and Manufacturing Tolerances

1.6.1 Case Study

References

Chapter 2 Fem-Based Analysis Techniques for Electrical Machine Design

2.1 T– Formulation

2.1.1 Basic Field Equations and Norton Nonlinear Iteration Form

2.1.2 Strategies for Accelerating Nonlinear Convergence

2.1.3 Challenges—Multiply Connected Domains

2.2 Field-Circuit Coupling

2.2.1 Circuit Parameter Extraction

2.2.2 Field Parameter Extraction

2.2.3 Adaptive Time Step

2.2.4 Brush-Commutation Model for DC Machines

2.3 Fast AC Steady-State Algorithm

2.3.1 Alternating Flux Linkage Model

2.3.2 Applications in Direct AC Voltage Excitation

2.3.3 Applications in Field-Circuit Coupling

2.4 High Performance Computing—Time Domain Decomposition

2.4.1 Periodic TDM Model

2.4.2 General TDM Model

2.4.3 Nonlinear Iteration

2.4.4 Application Examples

2.5 Reduced Order Modeling

2.5.1 Sweep Strategy

2.5.2 Look-Up Table Processing

2.5.3 Circuit Model Creation

2.5.4 Application Examples

References

Chapter 3 Magnetic Material Modeling

3.1 Shape Preserving Interpolation of B–H Curves

3.1.1 Piecewise Linear Interpolation

3.1.2 Cubic Spline Interpolation

3.1.3 Quadratic Spline Interpolation

3.2 Nonlinear Anisotropic Model

3.2.1 Improved Anisotropic Model

3.2.2 Lamination Effects

3.2.3 Jacobian Matrix

3.2.4 Case Study: Synchronous Reluctance Motor

3.3 Dynamic Core Loss Analysis

3.3.1 Dynamic Core Loss Model

3.3.2 Core Loss Effects on Magnetic Fields

3.3.3 Implementation of Core Loss Effects

3.3.4 Case Study: Electrical and Mechanical Power-Balance Tests

3.4 Vector Hysteresis Model

3.4.1 Ordinary Vector Play Model

3.4.2 Improved Vector Play Model

3.4.3 Adaptive Fixed Point Iteration Algorithm

3.5 Demagnetization of Permanent Magnets

3.5.1 Demagnetization Curve

3.5.2 Irreversible Demagnetization Model

3.5.3 Temperature-Dependent Magnetic Properties

3.5.4 Parameterized Demagnetization Curve

References

Chapter 4 Thermal Problems in Electrical Machines

4.1 Introduction

4.2 Heat Extraction Through Conduction

4.3 Heat Extraction Through Convection

4.3.1 Natural Convection

4.3.2 Forced Convection

4.3.3 Enclosed Channel Forced Convection

4.4 Heat Extraction Through Radiation

4.5 Cooling Systems Summary

4.6 Thermal Network Based on Lumped Parameters

4.7 Analytical Thermal Network Analysis

4.8 Thermal Analysis using Finite Element Method

4.9 Thermal Analysis Using Computational Fluid Dynamics

4.10 Thermal Parameters Determination

4.10.1 Equivalent Thermal Resistance Between External Frame and Ambient Due to Natural Convection

4.10.2 Equivalent Thermal Conductivity Between Winding and Lamination

4.10.3 Forced Convection Heat Transfer Coefficient Between End Winding and Endcaps

4.10.4 Radiation Heat Transfer Coefficients

4.10.5 Interface Gap Between Lamination and External Frame

4.11 Losses in Brushless Permanent Magnet Machines

4.11.1 Introduction

4.11.2 Stator Copper Losses

4.11.3 Iron Losses

4.11.4 Magnet Losses

4.12 Cooling Systems

4.13 Cooling Examples

4.13.1 Example 1

4.13.2 Example 2

4.13.3 Example 3

4.13.4 Example 4

4.13.5 Example 5

References

Chapter 5 Automated Optimization for Electric Machines

5.1 Introduction

5.2 Formulating an Optimization Problem

5.2.1 Objective Functions

5.2.2 Input Design Variables

5.2.3 Steps in Systematic Design

5.3 Optimization Methods

5.4 Design of Experiments and Response Surface Methods

5.4.1 Overview

5.4.2 Fractional Factorial Methods

5.4.3 Response Surface Model

5.5 Differential Evolution

5.5.1 Initialization

5.5.2 Mutation

5.5.3 Cross-Over

5.5.4 Selection

5.6 First Example: Optimization of an Ultra High Torque Density PM Motor for Formula E Racing Cars: Selection of Best Compromise Designs

5.6.1 Problem Formulation

5.6.2 Optimization Methodology

5.6.3 Results

5.7 Second Example: Single Objective Optimization of a Range of Permanent Magnet Synchronous Machine (PMSMS) Rated Between 1 kW and 1 MW Derivation of Design Proportions and Recommendations

5.7.1 Problem Formulation

5.7.2 Optimization Methodology

5.7.3 Results

5.8 Third Example: Two- and Three-Objective Function Optimization of a Synchronous Reluctance (SYNREL) and PM Assisted Synchronous Reluctance Motor

5.8.1 Problem Formulation

5.8.2 Optimization Methodology

5.8.3 Results

5.9 Fourth Example: Multi-Objective Optimization of PM Machines Combining DOE and DE Methods

5.9.1 Problem Formulation

5.9.2 Optimization Methodology

5.9.3 Results

5.10 Summary

References

Chapter 6 Power Electronics and Drive Systems

6.1 Introduction

6.2 Power Electronic Devices

6.2.1 PiN Diodes

6.2.2 MOSFETs

6.2.3 IGBTs

6.2.4 Emerging Semiconductor Technologies

6.3 Circuit-Level Simulation of Drive Systems

6.3.1 ANSYS Simplorer Simulator

6.3.2 Simulation of a Full-bridge Diode Rectifier

6.3.3 Simulation of a Three-Phase Switching VSI

6.3.4 Simulation of a PFC

6.4 Multiphysics Design Challenges

6.4.1 Power Module Structure

6.4.2 Thermal Modeling

6.4.3 Thermal Design with ANSYS Icepak

References

Index

IEEE Press Series on Power Engineering

EULA

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