Description
There is a gap between the ecology of health and the concepts supported by international initiatives such as EcoHealth, One Health or Planetary Health; a gap which this book aims to fill.
Global change is accelerated by problems of growing population, industrialization and geopolitics, and the world’s biodiversity is suffering as a result, which impacts both humans and animals. However, Biodiversity and Health offers the unique opportunity to demonstrate how ecological, environmental, medical and social sciences can contribute to the improvement of human health and wellbeing through the conservation of biodiversity and the services it brings to societies.
This book gives an expansive and integrated overview of the scientific disciplines that contribute to the connection between health and biodiversity, from the evolutionary ecology of infectious and non-infectious diseases to ethics, law and politics.
- Presents the first book to give a broad and integrated overview of the scientific disciplines that contribute to health
- From evolutionary ecology, to laws and policies, this book explores the links between health and biodiversity
- Demonstrates how ecological sciences, environmental sciences, medical sciences, and social sciences may contribute to improve human health
Chapter
1. A Brief History on the Links between Health and Biodiversity
1.2. Millennium Development Goals for Ecosystem Services
1.3. From environmental health to “one health”
1.4. Formerly recognized links
2. Biodiversity, Cultural Diversity and Infectious Diseases
2.2. Distribution of infectious diseases: links to biological diversity and cultural diversity
2.3. Origins of parasitic and infectious diseases in non-human primates
2.4. The first epidemiological transition: “Out of Africa” human migration
2.5. Genetic diversity and human migration
2.6. Animal domestication
2.7. The beginning of globalization
3. Loss of Biological Diversity and Emergence of Infectious Diseases
3.2. Epidemiology of infectious diseases
3.3. Reservoirs of zoonotic infectious diseases
3.4. Emerging infectious diseases and the biodiversity crisis
3.5. Mechanisms of emergence through habitat modification
3.6. Mechanisms of emergence through community modification
3.7. Genetic diversity of hosts and transmission of infectious diseases
4. Loss of Biodiversity and Emergence of Non-infectious Diseases
4.2. Diversity, host parasite co-evolution and the immune system
4.3. The hygiene hypothesis and the parasitic diversity crisis
4.4. The “farm” hypothesis: biological diversity and allergies
4.5. Conclusion: towards an evolving medicine
5.1. Introduction: a planet dominated by humans and their animals
5.2. Impact of urbanization and road network
5.3. Physiology of stress and health
5.4. Effects of phytosanitation and biocides
5.5. Endocrine disruptors
6.1. Introduction: how life has adapted
6.2. Anthropization and synanthropy
6.3. Resistance to insecticides
6.4. Resistance to genetically modified plants
6.5. Resistance to antiparasitic drugs: the example of artemisinin
6.6. Resistance to antibiotics
6.7. Evolution of virulence
6.8. New biotechnologies and evolution of resistance: Wolbachia, CRISPR-Cas 9
6.9. Ecological and evolutionary engineering
7. Animal and Human Pharmacopoeias
7.2. The diversity of plant secondary metabolites
7.3. Origin of self-medication in animals and hominids
7.4. Ethnobotany and traditional medicine
7.5. Bioprospecting, biopiracy and patents
7.6. Conservation biology and traditional pharmacopoeia
7.7. Loss of biodiversity and knowledge
8.2. Objectivity and subjectivity of well-being
8.3. Psychology and the natural environment
8.4. Evolutionary psychology and well-being
8.5. Theories of habitat and visual refuge, topophilia and biophilia
8.6. Implications and applications of biophilia
8.7. Traditional knowledge and well-being
9. Ecosystem Services for Health and Biodiversity
9.2. Environmental impacts and well-being
9.3. Health of ecosystems
9.5. Ecosystem services and health
9.6. Ecosystem disservices and health
9.7. Compromise between services, economic development and health
10. Biodiversity and Health Scenarios
10.2. Prospects and global scenarios
10.3. Worst-case scenarios
10.4. Global risks and “preparedness” for the worst
10.5. Towards integrated scenarios
10.6. Observations and observatories
10.7. Experts and representation of knowledge
10.8. Conclusion: scenarios for research and governance
11. Governance of Biodiversity and Health
11.2. International governance of biodiversity and health
11.3. Regional challenges
11.4. Implementation at the national level
12. Ethics, Values and Responsibilities
12.2. Pluralism of scientific approaches
12.4. Humanist and human health ethics
12.5. Animal and animal health ethics
12.6. Environmental ethics
12.7. Applied and global environmental ethics
12.8. Ethics of foresight and scenarios
12.9. Confronting the ethics network
12.10. Necessity of pluralism of ethics
13. The Role of Law, Justice and Scientific Knowledge in Health and Biodiversity
13.2. Complexity, scientific knowledge and informing political decisions
13.3. For a law that is in line with reality: difficulty in implementing the principles of transparency, accountability and participation
13.4. Scientific knowledge used by citizens for environmental justice
13.5. Human rights and the right to science? Environmental and health challenges
Towards a socio-ecology of health
Towards scientific pluralism
Biodiversity and Health
：Linking Life, Ecosystems and Societies
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