Cover

Contents

List of Contributors

Preface

Opportunities and Challenges in Nutrigenetics/Nutrigenomics and Health

Why Nutrigenetics/Nutrigenomics?

Opportunities

Challenges

How to Deal with the Challenges

References

Genome-Wide Association Studies and Diet

Monogenic Disorders and Complex Disease

Enabling Technologies in GWAS

GWAS: Why Are They Important?

Use of Gene Chips and GWAS Datasets in Personalized Health Predictions

Gene-Diet Interactions: Crohn’s Disease

Acknowledgments

References

Copy Number Variation, Eicosapentaenoic Acid and Neurological Disorders

Ethyl-EPA

Huntington’s Disease

Myalgic Encephalomyelitis

Conclusions

References

Nutrigenetics: A Tool to Provide Personalized Nutritional Therapy to the Obese

Observational Studies Evidencing Gene-Nutrient Interactions on Weight Gain

Intervention Studies Concerning Genetic Modification Effects on Weight Loss and Maintenance

Nutritional Studies Concerning Gene-Dependent Effects on Obesity-Related Manifestations

Conclusions

References

Xenobiotic Metabolizing Genes, Meat-Related Exposures, and Risk of Advanced Colorectal Adenoma

Materials and Methods

Results

Discussion

Acknowledgments

References

Strategies to Improve Detection of Hypertension Genes

Subject Selection

Selecting an Intervention

Study Time Windows

Tissue versus Central Phenotype Measurement

Intervention Studies

Improving Genome-Wide Association Results

Summary

Acknowledgments

References

Diet, Nutrition and Modulation of Genomic Expression in Fetal Origins of Adult Disease

Epidemiology

Experiments of Nature

Cancer Risk and Early Life

Growth and Development

Size and Body Composition at Birth

Developmental Plasticity

Animal Models

Epigenetics and Cancer

Conclusion

References

Choline: Clinical Nutrigenetic/Nutrigenomic Approaches for Identification of Functions and Dietary Requirements

Challenges for Clinical Nutrigenetics/Nutrigenomics

Other Considerations before Undertaking Clinical Nutrigenetics/Nutrigenomics

Prototype Experiment in Nutrigenetics/Nutrigenomics: Studies on Choline Deficiency

Choline Metabolism

Consequences of Dietary Choline Deficiency in Humans

Genetic Variation in Dietary Requirements for Choline

Choline and Neural Development

Choline Deficiency Alters Gene Expression via Epigenetic Mechanisms

Long-Lasting Consequences of Prenatal Choline Availability

Implications for Human Brain Development

Acknowledgments

References

Dietary Polyphenols, Deacetylases and Chromatin Remodeling in Inflammation

Polyphenols: An Overview

Modulation of Inflammation by Polyphenols

Deacetylases and Inflammation

Modulation of Deacetylases by Dietary Polyphenols

Conclusions

Acknowledgments

References

Dietary Manipulation of Histone Structure and Function

Use of Histone Deacetylase Inhibitors in Cancer Prevention

Dietary Inhibitors of Histone Deacetylases

Future Directions and Conclusions

Acknowledgments

References

Changes in Human Adipose Tissue Gene Expression during Diet-Induced Weight Loss

Obesity

Obesity Treatment

Adipose Tissue

Expression Profiling of Human Adipose Tissue during Diet-Induced Weight Loss

Serum Amyloid A Expression in Human Adipose Tissue and Association with Metabolic Disease

CIDE Family

A Local Activin B Signaling System in Adipose Tissue?

Conclusions

Acknowledgments

References

Toxicogenomics and Studies of Genomic Effects of Dietary Components

Reference Materials and Methods to Improve and Monitor Laboratory Proficiency in Microarray Assays

Identification of Factors that Increase Biological Noise in Gene Expression Studies

Phenotypic Anchoring to Supply a Biological Context for Interpreting Gene Expression Data

Reference Sets that Aid in the Interpretation of Adverse versus Adaptive Effects

Conclusions

Disclaimer

References

Dietary Methyl Deficiency, microRNA Expression and Susceptibility to Liver Carcinogenesis

Materials and Methods

Results and Discussion

Disclaimer

References

Redox Dysregulation and Oxidative Stress in Schizophrenia: Nutrigenetics as a Challenge in Psychiatric Disease Prevention

Redox/Glutathione Dysregulation Is a Vulnerability Factor in Schizophrenia

Pathophysiological Mechanisms

Developmental Animal Models with Redox Dysregulation

Therapeutic and Preventive Perspectives

Conclusion

Acknowledgments

References

Nutrigenomics and Agriculture: A Perspective

Genomic Prediction in Dairy Cows

Dietary Guidance

Discussion

References

Opportunities and Challenges in Nutrigenetics/Nutrigenomics: Building Industry-Academia Partnerships

The Challenge before Us

Accelerated Learning Curves

Professional Development and Building Networks

Sharing Science

Anatomy of a Partnership Model in Molecular Nutrition

Final Thoughts

Disclosures

References

Tailoring Foods to Match People’s Genes in New Zealand: Opportunities for Collaboration

Role of Genetics in CD in New Zealand

Modeling Genetic Variation in Human CD Populations in vitro

Estimating the Role of Diet in CD

Animal Models of IBD

Double-Blind Placebo Controlled Human Clinical Trials

Data Management and Integration

Acknowledgments

References

Author Index

Subject Index