Adipose Tissue Development ( Endocrine Development )

Publication series : Endocrine Development

Author: Levy-Marchal C.; Pénicaud L.  

Publisher: S. Karger AG‎

Publication year: 2010

E-ISBN: 9783805594516

P-ISBN(Paperback): 9783805594509

Subject: Q2 Cytobiology;R5 Internal Medicine;R58 Endocrine disease and metabolic disease;R72 Pediatrics;R723.14 obesity

Keyword: 细胞生物学,肥胖症,内科学,儿科学,内分泌腺疾病及代谢病

Language: ENG

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Description

Nowadays, adipose tissue is not only regarded as an organ of storage related to fuel metabolism but also as an endocrine organ involved in the regulation of insulin sensitivity, lipids and energy metabolism.These proceedings cover the nervous regulation of both white and brown adipose tissue mass. Different physiological parameters such as metabolism (lipolysis and thermogenesis) and secretory activity (leptin and other adipokines) are reviewed. The plasticity of adipose tissue (proliferation, differentiation and apoptosis) showing the presence of a neural feedback loop between adipose tissue and the brain, which plays a major role in the regulation of energy homeostasis, is discussed.Merging basic knowledge and various clinical conditions, this thorough review is of great interest to both scientists and physicians, in particular pediatricians, interested in obesity, endocrinology and nutrition.

Chapter

Contents

Preface

Human Lipodystrophies: Genetic and Acquired Diseases of Adipose Tissue

Abstract

Definition and Diagnosis

Classification

Pathophysiology of Adipose Tissue Loss

Genetic Lipodystrophies

Acquired Lipodystrophies

Treatment of Lipodystrophies

Conclusion

Acknowledgements

References

The Emergence of Adipocytes

Abstract

The Adipose Organ

Developmental Origin of Fat

Origin of Adipocytes

Conclusion

References

Adipose Tissue and the Reproductive Axis: Biological Aspects

Abstract

Adipose Tissue as an Endocrine Organ

Gene Expression in Subcutaneous Adipose Tissue from Growing Pigs and Neonatal and Fetal Pigs

Adipose Depot Innervation

Adipokines and Reproductive Function

References

Unraveling the Obesity and Breast Cancer Links: A Role for Cancer-Associated Adipocytes?

Abstract

Adipose Tissue Is an Active Component of the Tumor Stroma

Consequences for the Poor Prognosis Observed for Breast Cancer in Obese Patients: Some Answers, Many Questions

Acknowledgements

References

Early Determinants of Obesity

Abstract

Infancy Is a Risk Period for Later Obesity

Infancy Weight and Subsequent Puberty

Common Genetic Determinants of Childhood Obesity

Life-Course Associations with FTO and MC4R Variants

Nutritional Regulation of Infancy Growth

Biomarkers of Infant Growth and Adiposity

Influence of Maternal Glucose on Birth Size and Infancy Growth

Wider Determinants of Infant Feeding and Weight Gain

Determinants of Parental Feeding Choices

References

Metabolic Syndrome in Childhood – Causes and Effects

Abstract

Pathophysiology of the Insulin Resistance Syndrome in Childhood

The Complexity of Definitions of the Metabolic Syndrome

Clinical Relevance

Conclusion

References

Pathophysiology of Insulin Resistance in Small for Gestational Age Subjects: A Role for Adipose Tissue?

Abstract

Epidemiological Data

Low Birth Weight and Insulin Resistance

Insulin Resistance in Subjects Born SGA Can Be Detected Early in Life

Postnatal Growth

Pathway to Insulin Resistance

Role of Adipose Tissue

Reduced Fetal Growth and Hormonal Function of the Adipose Tissue

Fat Growth and Insulin Resistance

Conclusion

References

The Neural Feedback Loop between the Brain and Adipose Tissues

Abstract

From the Brain to Adipose Tissues

Role of Autonomic Nervous System in Adipose Tissues Biology

From the Adipose Tissues to the Brain

Perspectives

References

Author Index

Subject Index

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