New Treatments in Noninfectious Uveitis ( Developments in Ophthalmology )

Publication series : Developments in Ophthalmology

Author: Miserocchi E.; Modorati G.; Foster C.S.  

Publisher: S. Karger AG‎

Publication year: 2012

E-ISBN: 9783805599870

P-ISBN(Paperback): 9783805599863

Subject: R392 medical immunology;R5 Internal Medicine;R77 Ophthalmology

Keyword: 内科学,眼科学,医学免疫学

Language: ENG

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Description

Uveitis is a potentially blinding inflammatory disease that presents one of the most serious and complicated therapeutic challenges in the field of ophthalmology. During the last decade, the therapeutic armamentarium of the uveitis specialist has enormously expanded. Novel biologic agents and intraocular therapy are becoming a valuable alternative treatment to control ocular inflammatory diseases and inflammatory macular edema -- the most important cause of visual loss in patients with uveitis. This publication is designed to bring together the principles of therapy of patients with noninfectious uveitis and the most recent therapeutic options available. General ophthalmologists, uveitis specialists as well as residents will find it a useful update on the latest innovative treatment options for patients with noninfectious uveitis.

Chapter

Preface

The Philosophy of Treatment of Uveitis: Past, Present and Future

Abstract

References

The Gold Standard of Noninfectious Uveitis: Corticosteroids

Abstract

When May We Use Corticosteroid Therapy in Noninfectious Uveitis?

Pharmacology

Preparations and Administration

Practical Therapeutic Utilization

Adverse Effects of Corticosteroid Therapy

High-Risk Group of Patients

Conclusion

References

Corticosteroid- Sparing Agents: Conventional Systemic Immunosuppressants

Abstract

Indications & Dosage

Alkylating Agents

Antimetabolites

Antibiotics

Major Reactions & Interactions

References

Corticosteroid-Sparing Agents: New Treatment Options

Abstract

Systemic Steroid- Sparing Agents

Local Steroid-Sparing Agents

References

Mycophenolate Mofetil Use in the Treatment of Noninfectious Uveitis

Abstract

Mycophenolate Mofetil in the Treatment of Pediatric Uveitis

Treatment Algorithm(s) in the Use of Mycophenolate Mofetil in Uveitis Patients

References

Anti-Tumor Necrosis Factor-α Agents in Noninfectious Uveitis

Abstract

Tumor Necrosis Factor-α

Anti-TNF-α Agents

Anti-TNF-α Agents: Treatment Indications for Use

Uveitis Associated with Other Conditions

Adverse Events

Infections

Demyelination

Others

Paradoxical Adverse Events

Ocular Surgery

‘Switching’ Anti-TNF-α Agents

Future Directions

Conclusions

References

New Biologic Drugs: Anti-Interleukin Therapy

Abstract

Introduction

Anti-IL-1 Receptor Antagonist (Anakinra)

Anti-IL-2 Receptor Antibody (Daclizumab)

Anti-IL-15 Antibody (HuMax-IL15)

Anti-IL-6 Receptor Antibody (Tocilizumab)

Anti-IL-17 Antibody (AIN457)

Final Remarks

References

Interferon-α Therapy in Noninfectious Uveitis

Abstract

Mechanisms and Pharmacology

Experimental Work

Clinical Effects

Side Effects

Conclusion

References

Rituximab for Noninfectious Uveitis

Abstract

Rituximab: General Considerations

The CD20 Antigen

Rituximab in Systemic Autoimmune Diseases

Rituximab in Inflammatory Eye Diseases

Treatment of Other Ocular Inflammatory Diseases

Safety of Rituximab

Retreatment

Conclusions

References

Intravitreal Injection Therapy in the Treatment of Noninfectious Uveitis

Abstract

The Structure of the Eye

Drug Delivery to the Posterior Segment

Intravitreal Injection

Intravitreal Injection Technique

Immunomodulators

Anti-VEGF Drugs

Tumor Necrosis Factor-α Blockers

Corticosteroids

Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Agents

References

Corticosteroid Intravitreal Implants

Abstract

Pharmacology of Steroids

Design and Pharmacology of Steroid Implants

Clinical Efficacy and Tolerability of Steroid Intravitreal Implants

Ocular Implants vs. Systemic Anti-Inflammatory Therapy

Treatment Paradigm in the Management of Uveitis with Steroid Implants

References

New Treatment Options for Noninfectious Uveitis

Abstract

Pathogenesis

Standard Therapies

New Agents in the Uveitis Pharmacotherapy: Emerging Drugs

The Immune System as a Potential Target of New Drugs

Novel Drug Delivery Systems

Conclusions

References

Subject Index

Cover

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