Distributed Propulsion Technology ( Mechanical Engineering Theory and Applications )

Publication series :Mechanical Engineering Theory and Applications

Author: Amir S. Gohardani (L·Garde Inc.   Orange County   California   USA)  

Publisher: Nova Science Publishers, Inc.‎

Publication year: 2014

E-ISBN: 9781629486055

P-ISBN(Hardback):  9781629485881

Subject: T Industrial Technology

Keyword: Mechanical Engineering

Language: ENG

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Distributed Propulsion Technology

Chapter

Conclusion

References

Chapter 2: A Synergistic Glance at the Prospects of Distributed Propulsion Technology and the Electric Aircraft Concept for Future Unmanned Air Vehicles and Commercial/Military Aviation

Abstract

Nomenclature

Introduction

Selected Historical Traces of Distributed Components and Technologies in Aeronautics

Distributed Wings

Distributed Fuselages

Distributed Landing Wheels

Distributed Flow Control Technology

Distributed Propulsion Technology

Historical Review of Distributed Propulsion Technology

Selected Milestones of Distributed Propulsion Technology in Unmanned Air Vehicles

A Few Historical Milestones of Distributed Propulsion Arrangements in Military Aircraft

Year of First Flight

Historical Evolution of Flight Cruise Speed

Historical Evolution of MTOW and OWE

Historical Evolution of Aircraft Range

Historical Evolution of Propulsive Power

Military Aircraft Payload and Weight Consideration for Distributed Propulsion Technology

An Alternative Viewpoint in Comparison of Selected Aircraft Parameters for Commercial and Military Aircraft Employing Distributed Propulsion Technology

Comparison of Selected Aircraft Parameters for Commercial and Military Aircraft Employing Distributed Propulsion Technology

Comparison of Annual Number of Commercial and Military Aircraft Employing Distributed Propulsion Technology

Selected Research Endeavors with Impact Potential on Distributed Propulsion Technology

Chosen Technologies of Interest

A Glimpse at Boundary Layer Ingestion Technology

One Selected Milestone from the Historical Electric Aircraft Era

Selected Research Milestones of the Electric Aircraft Arena

Research Visions for Future Military and Transport Aircraft

Selected Research Visions for Future Aircraft

Weight Challenges for

Distributed Propulsion Arrangements

Preliminary Weight Considerations of Propulsion Technologies Aimed for Future aircraft

Selected Milestones of the Gas Turbine Weight Analysis Era

Propulsion Unit Weight Estimation for Aircraft Category I

Propulsion Unit Weight Estimation for Aircraft Category III

The Definition of Distributed Propulsion Technology

A Proposed Definition for Distributed Propulsion Technology

Distributed Propulsion Categories

Distributed Propulsion Unit Intensity Classes

Distributed Propulsion Thrust-to-Weight Ratios

Implementation of the Proposed Distributed Propulsion Definition

DP(L/F)-Intensityclass(A-E)-Thrust-to-Weightcategory (I-III)-(X)

Concluding Remarks Regarding the Proposed Distributed Propulsion Definition

Distributed Propulsion and the Future

Conclusion

Acknowledgments

References

Chapter 3: Gas-Driven Multi-Fans per Engine Core Distributed Propulsion Concept

Abstract

Nomenclature

Introduction

NASA Multi-Fan STOL Transport Study

Conclusion

References

Chapter 4: Distributed Propulsion Using Multiple Small Engines

Abstract

Nomenclature

Introduction

Nasa/Boeing 12-Engine Cestol Configuration

Propulsion System

Noise Study Results

Conclusion

Acknowledgment

References

Chapter 5: Turboelectric Distributed Propulsion

Abstract

Nomenclature

Introduction

N3-X Vehicle Configuration

Propulsion System

Superconducting Electric System

Recent Study Results on N3-X

Conclusion

Acknowledgment

References

Chapter 6: Design Options for Integrating Ultra-High Bypass Ratio Gas Turbines on a Blended Wing Body Aircraft – An Incremental Step in Evaluating Distributed Propulsion

Abstract

Nomenclature

Introduction

Vehicle Selection and Description

Analysis Approach

Propulsion/Integration Descriptions

Discussion of Results

Conclusion

Acknowledgments

References

Chapter 7: Effects of Distributed Propulsion on Aircraft Performance and Weight

Abstract

Nomenclature

Introduction

Distributed Propulsion Models

Propulsive Efficiency

Control/Propulsion Integration

Duct Modeling

BWB Aircraft Model

Overview

Geometry

Aerodynamics

Propulsion System Analysis

Weight Analysis

Aircraft Performance

Stability and Control

Validation

Multidisciplinary Design Optimization

Problem Formulation

Optimization Algorithm

Design Studies

Description

Results

Conclusion

References

Chapter 8: Investigation of the Potential Fuel Cell Hybrid Aviation Propulsion System with an Electromagnetic Fan

Abstract

Nomenclature

Introduction

Concept of the Electromagnetically Driven Fan for Aircraft Propulsion

Description of Reference Vehicle and Propulsion System

Analytical Procedure and Conditions

Results and Discussion

Brief Notification of the Weight Estimate

Conclusion

Acknowledgments

References

Chapter 9: Aircraft Design, Sizing and Integration of TurboElectric Distributed Propulsion (TeDP) Systems with both Superconducting and Non-Superconducting Electrical Machine Technology

Abstract

Nomenclature

Introduction

Definitions of Hybrid-Electric Propulsion Systems

and Key Concepts

Component Definition and Sizing

Electrical Distribution Subsystem

Propulsion Airframe Integration

Hydrogen As a Fuel Source

Cryogenics Background

Benefits

Drawbacks of Using Hydrogen

Top Level Aircraft Design Process

The Challenge: Fan-Wing Integration

An Introduction of Hybrid-Electric

Propulsion System Components

Electrical System Architecture

Generators

Motors

Cooling

Amount of Liquid Hydrogen Required

Configuration of Cooling System

Turboshaft Engine Considerations

Summary of Performance

Benefits and Concerns of Conventional Machine Technology

Decoupled Energy Management

Conventional Electric Component Sizing

Airframe Integration

TAO Operations

Climb and Approach Angles

OEI/OFI Condition

Symmetric Thrust

Floating Design Point

Flight-Ready Electrical Components

Component Failure

Propulsion System Cooling

Conclusion

References

Chapter 10: Sizing and Analysis Methodologies for TurboElectric Distributed Propulsion (TeDP) Systems with Superconducting and Non-Superconducting Electrical Machine Technology

Abstract

Nomenclature

Introduction

Turbine Sizing and Analysis

Sizing at the Top-of-Climb

Engine Cycle Parametric Studies

Turboshaft Engine Weights

Fan and Engine Geometry

Motor/Generator Sizing and Analysis

Inlet, Fan, Exhaust Duct, and Nozzle Design

Overview of Propulsor

Inlet and Diffuser

Dimensional Inlet Designs

Parametric Analysis of a 2-Dimensional Inlet

Additive Drag and Capture Area Ratio

Parametric Results of the ECO-150 Inlet

Critical Capture Area Ratio

Inlet Weight

Fan Design and Analysis

Overview of Fan Design Tool

1D Fan On-Design Analysis

1D Fan Off-Design Analysis

2D Fan Analysis

2D Fan Blade Design

Fan Weight Buildup

Exhaust and Nozzle

Wing Structure Sizing

Quantitative Analysis

Material Selection

Inboard Wing Structure Design

Wing Weights

CFD Approach and Analysis

The Hybrid Aircraft Propulsion System Synthesis (HAPSS) Tool

HAPSS

System Diagram

Logic Flow

Modules & Functions

Dual-Use Vehicle

System Definition

Motor/Generator Data

Motor/Generator Performance

Motor/Generator Dimensions

Turbine Performance and Dimensions

Electrical Cabling

Overall Vehicle Performance

Mission Performance Analysis

DoeTECH Background and the 737-700

Future Propulsion Technologies

System Comparison

Conclusion

References

Chapter 11: Flow Control Technology for Advanced Gas Turbine Engines

Abstract

Nomenclature

Introduction

Compressors

Combustors

Turbines

Inlets

Engine Noise Reduction

Conclusion

References

Chapter 12: Energy Horizons: A Science and Technology Vision for Air Force Energy

Introduction and Vision

Air Energy

Aerodynamics

Propulsion and Power Systems

Materials and Structures

Aviation Operations

Energy Harvesting

Game-Changing Concepts

Space Energy

Energy Generation

Energy Storage

Propulsion and Power

Operational Innovations

Cyber Energy

Empowering the Mission

Optimizing Human/Machine Systems

Enhancing Agility and Reslience

Inventing New Foundations

Infrastructure Energy

Energy and Water Efficiency

Renewables

Energy Storage

Cultural Change

Cross Cutting, Enabling Science and Technology

The Way Forward

Acknowledgments

References

Index

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