ADVANCES IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY: VOLUME 77

ADVANCES IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY: VOLUME 77

Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data

Contents

Preface

Chapter 1: Microbiological Hazards Associated with Infant Formula

Abstract

Introduction

Microbial Hazards Associated with Infant Formula

Outbreaks and Cases of Infections

References

Chapter 2: Spontaneous Bacterial Peritonitis

Abstract

Introduction

Pathogenesis

Microbiology

References

Chapter 3: IL-7 in Rheumatoid Arthritis: Pathogenesis, Biomarker and Rationale for Anti-IL-7 Therapy

Abstract

Abbreviation List

Introduction

1. Evidence for Genetic Association in RA with IL-7 Axis

2. Regulation of IL-7 Expression

3. IL-7 and RA

4. IL-7 as Biomarker in RA

5. Rationale for Blocking IL-7 in RA

References

Chapter 4: Spontaneous Bacterial Peritonitis: From Risk Factors to Prevention

Abstract

Introduction

Epidemiology

Pathophisiology

Clinical Manifestations

Risk Factors

Diagnosis of SBP

Treatment of SBP

Prevention of SBP

Conflicts of Interest Disclosure and Funding Declaration

References

Chapter 5: Chronic Subdural Hematomas in Elderly Patients Treated by Burr Hole Craniostomy with One-Year Follow-Up: A Single Centre Experience

Abstract

Introduction

Materials and Methods

Clinical Characteristics

Results

Discussion

Limitations

Conclusion

Acknowledgments

References

Chapter 6: Basic Approach to Metabolic Acidosis

Abstract

Definition

Pathophysiology

Classification

Clinical Effects

Diagnosis

Treatment

References

Chapter 7: The Biomechanics of the Ankle Joint

Abstract

Introduction

Anatomy of the Ankle Joint

Gait Cycle

Biomechanics of the Static Ankle

Application of Biomechanics in Designing Total Ankle Replacements

Conclusion

References

Chapter 8: Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Severe Hemorrhagic Shock

Abstract

Introduction

1. Mitochondrial Dysfunction

2. Assessing Mitochondrial Dysfunction

3. Existing Mitochondrial Dysfunction in SevereShock

4. MD Involving in the Genesis of Severe Shock

Conclusion

References

Chapter 9: Early Hematoma Enlargement after ICH: Current Diagnosis and Treatment

Abstract

Introduction

Definition of Early Hematoma Enlargement

CTA and Contrast Enhanced CT

Risk Factors of Early Hematoma Expansion

Treatment Options for Hematoma Expansion

Blood Pressure Modulation

Surgical Treatment of ICH

References

Chapter 10: Thoracic Hematomas

Abstract

Introduction

Vascular Malformations

Blunt Thoracic Trauma

Neoplastic Hematomas

Postoperative Hematomas

Cardiac Hematomas and Hemopericardium

Hematomas of the Aorta

Anticoagulation Therapy Related Hematomas

Spontaneous Hematoma

Conclusion

References

Chapter 11: Peritonitis Related to Peritoneal Dialysis (PD/Peritonitis)

Abstract

Introduction

References

Chapter 12: Molecular Mechanisms of Renal Tubular Acidosis

Abstract

Introduction

pRTA

pRTA Caused by NBCe1 Mutations

Migraine and NBCe1

NHE3 in the Proximal Tubule

Hereditary Fanconi Syndrome

dRTA

AE1 in Distal Tubule

The Pathophysiology of AE1-related dRTA

V-ATPase

dRTA due to Mutations in Renal Specific v-ATPase Subunits

V-ATPase in Proximal Tubule: Studies in Genetically Modified Mice

CAII and RTA

Secondary RTA

Conclusion

References

Chapter 13: The Importance of Regulation of Body Fluid pH in the Development and Progression of Metabolic Diseases

Abstract

Introduction

The Regulation and Abnormalities in Body Fluid pH

Abnormal Body Fluid pH in the Development and Progression of Metabolic Diseases

Nutritional and Exercise Approaches on Insulin Resistance and pH Regulation

Conclusion

Acknowledgments

References

Chapter 14: Lactic Acidosis in HIV-Infected Patients: Causes, Treatment and Prevention

Abstract

1. Introduction

2. Aetiology of Lactic Acidosis

3. Clinical Symptoms of Lactic Acidosis

4. Incidence of Lactic Acidosis in HIV-Infected Patients

5. Risk Factors for Lactic Acidosis Development

6. Mechanism of NRTI Induced Lactic Acidosis

7. Screening for Lactic Acidosis

8. Treatment of Lactic Acidosis Induced with NRTIs

9. Outcome

10. Prevention

Conclusion

References

Index