CONTROVERSIES IN PREECLAMPSIA

CONTROVERSIES IN PREECLAMPSIA

Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data

Contents

Preface

Chapter I: Epidemiology of Hypertensive Disorders during Pregnancy

Introduction

Incidence and Significance

Preeclampsia

Prediction (See Also Chapter 8)

Risk Factors

Prevention (See Also Chapters 9, 10)

Clinical Manifestations

Diagnosis and Evaluation (See Also Chapter 3)

Management

Bed Rest

Control of Hypertension

Acute Setting Parenteral Therapy

Chronic Setting Oral Therapy

Outcome

Postpartum Course

Long Term Course (See Also Chapter 13)

HELLP Syndrome

Eclampsia

Incidence

Clinical Manifestations

Differential Diagnosis

Management

Anticonvulsant Therapy for Prevention and Treatment of Eclampsia

Outcome

Gestational Hypertension

Maternal Evaluation

Management and Prognosis

Chronic Hypertension

Adverse Pregnancy Outcome

Maternal Evaluation and Approach

Indications for Treatment

Mild Chronic Hypertension

Severe Chronic Hypertension

Drug Therapy

Antepartum Assessment

Delivery

Preeclampsia Superimposed on Chronic Hypertension

References

Chapter II: Differential Diagnosis for Preeclampsia

Introduction

Acute Fatty Liver of Pregnancy

Thrombotic Thrombocytopenic Purpura

Hemolytic Uremic Syndrome

Systemic Lupus Erythematous Exacerbation

Conclusion

References

Chapter III: Gestational Hypertension and Preeclampsia - Is it the Same Disease?

Background

Is Gest HTN an Independent Clinical Entity or Simply a Pre-PET Condition?

What Is the Risk of Progression to PET?

Does GHTN Affect Pregnancy Outcome?

Conclusion

References

Chapter IV: The Association between Maternal Obesity and Hypertensive Diseasein Pregnancy

Introduction

Obesity and Hypertension

Pathogenesis of Gestational Hypertension and Preeclampsia

Pathogenesis of Obesity and Pregnancy Hypertensive Disorders

Obesity and Pregnancy Hypertensive Disorders in Singleton Pregnancies

Obesity and Pregnancy Hypertensive Disorders in Multiple Gestations

Treatment and Prevention

Conclusion

References

Chapter V: The Association between Multifetal Gestation and Hypertensive Disease in Pregnancy

Introduction

Epidemiology

Pathophysiology

Maternal Outcomes

Fetal and Neonatal Outcomes

References

Chapter VI: Placental Modification of Its Secreted Peptides as a Key to Immune Evasion and the Pathogenesis of Preeclampsia

Introduction

Evolution of The Concept That a Neuropeptide may be Involved in Preeclampsia

Placental Neurokinin B

Other Placental Neuropeptide Precursors are Phosphocholinated

What are the Possible Implications for This Post-Translational Modification?

References

Chapter VII: The Role of Adipokines in Preeclampsia

Introduction

Maternal Circulating Leptin and Adiponectin in Normal Pregnancy

Maternal Circulating Leptin and Preeclampsia

Maternal Circulating Adiponectin in Preeclampsia

Summary

References

Chapter VIII: Can We Predict Preeclampsia?

Introduction

Current Management of Preeclampsia

References

Chapter IX: Can We Prevent Preeclampsia? Pharmacologic Prevention of Preeclampsia

Introduction

The Role of Low-Dose Aspirin

The Role of Low Molecular Weight Heparin

The Association of LMWH and Low-Dose Aspirin in the Prophylaxis of Recurrent Preeclampsia

The Prevention of Preeclampsia in Women with Thrombophilia

Conclusion

References

Chapter X: Can Calcium Prevent Preeclampsia?

Introduction

Calcium in Pregnancy

Calcium Intake and Hypertensive Disorders

Calcium Supplementation

A Cochrane Review

Calcium and Fetoplacental Circulations

Calcium Level and Prediction of Preeclampsia

Summary

References

Chapter XI: Hypertensive Disease of Pregnancy and Maternal Morbidity and Mortality

Introduction

Definition of Maternal Mortality

Definitions and Classifications of Hypertensive Disorders of Pregnancy

Morbidity and Mortality of Hypertensive Disorders

Worldwide Trends of Hypertensive Disorders

United States Trends of Hypertensive Disorders and Maternal Mortality

Hypertensive Disorders and Racial/Ethnic Disparities

Emergent Therapy for HypertensiveEmergency with Preeclampsia or Eclampsia

Prevention of Hypertensive Disease

Long-Term Outcomes

Conclusion

Acknowledgments

References

Chapter XII: From Molecular Mechanismsto Treatment Options

Introduction

Molecular Mechanisms

Treatment

Conclusion

References

Chapter XIII: Long-Term Consequences of Preeclampsia

Introduction

Preeclampsia and Long-TermVascular Complications

Endothelial Dysfunction: The Link Between Preeclampsia and Future Cardiovascular Disease

Endothelial Dysfunction and Future Vascular Disease: Damage from the Hypertensive Pregnancy or Pre-Existing Condition?

Summary

References

About the Editors

Index