Chapter
RURAL ECONOMIC REFORMS AND NEW POLITICS IN THE COUNTRYSIDE
POLITICAL CRISES IN THE COUNTRYSIDE SINCE THE 1980S
(a) Decay of the Party-State Apparatus in the Countryside
(b) Increasing Tensions in Cadre-Peasant Relations
(c) Growing Crises of Legitimacy and Governability of the State
The Deteriorating Social Order
Challengers to the Party-State
THE PARTY-STATE’S RESPONSE
DEMOCRATIZING THE COUNTRYSIDE
THE STRUGGLE OVER THE ORGANIC LAW IN THE NATIONAL PEOPLE’S CONGRESS
IMPLEMENTING THE ORGANIC LAW
LOCAL RESISTANCE TO THE ORGANIC LAW
PEASANTS’ ENTHUSIASM AND INITIATIVE
SANDWICH STRATEGY AND THE REVISION OF THE ORGANIC LAW
DEMOCRATIC ELECTION FOR VILLAGERS’ COMMITTEE
1. Formation of A Village Election Committee
3. Nomination of Candidates
4. Selection of Final Candidates
6. Voting and Vote Counting
Evaluating Village Elections
1. How Many Village Elections Have Been Free and Fair?
2. Who Have Won the Elections
Age, Education, and Occupation
3. How Peasants Have Viewed Village Elections
DEMOCRATIC DECISION-MAKING AND VILLAGERS’ REPRESENTATIVE ASSEMBLY
Achievements and Significance
DEMOCRATIC MANAGEMENT AND DEMOCRATIC SUPERVISION
1. Village Self-Government Charters and Codes of Conduct
2. Open Management (cunwu gongkai) and Democratic Supervision
THE IMPACT OF SELF-GOVERNMENT ON LOCAL GOVERNANCE
DEMOCRATIZATION FROM THE BOTTOM UP
POLITICAL SUPPORT AND VILLAGE SELF-GOVERNMENT
ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT AND GRASSROOTS DEMOCRATIZATION
Implementation with the Least Success
Implementation with the Most Success
CHALLENGING THE PARTY IN THE GRASSROOTS
1. Village Party Secretaries Run for Villagers’ Committee Chairs
2. Village Party Secretaries Chair Villagers’ Representative Assemblies
3. The Two-Ballot System in Selecting Village Party Secretaries
FROM VILLAGE ELECTIONS TO TOWNSHIP ELECTIONS
1. Direct Election of Township Magistrate in Buyun, Sichuan Province
2. Election of Town Magistrate with a Two-Ballot System in Dapeng, Guangdong
3. Election of Township Leaders through a Two-Ballot System in Linyi, Shanxi
CONCLUSIONS AND REFLECTIONS
POLITICAL CORRUPTION, INSTITUTIONAL INCAPACITY, AND ORIGINS OF POLITICAL REFORM
STATE POWER AND EMERGENCE OF CIVIL SOCIETY
MUTUAL EMPOWERMENT AND POLITICAL TRANSITION
THE ORGANIC LAW OF VILLAGERS’ COMMITTEES OF THE PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA
Mutual Empowerment Of State and Peasantry: Village Self Government in Rural China
Disclaimer: Any content in publications that violate the sovereignty, the constitution or regulations of the PRC is not accepted or approved by CNPIEC.