Occupational Health Practice ( 3 )

Publication series :3

Author: Waldron   H A  

Publisher: Elsevier Science‎

Publication year: 2013

E-ISBN: 9781483164267

P-ISBN(Paperback): 9780407337022

P-ISBN(Hardback):  9780407337022

Subject: R13 labor hygiene

Language: ENG

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Description

Occupational Health Practice, Third Edition is a comprehensive account of the practice of protecting and improving health in the workplace. Topics covered by this book include pre-placement screening; principles of toxicology; the mental health of people at work; and thermal stresses in occupations. The principles of occupational epidemiology, sickness absence, toxicity testing of industrial chemicals, ergonomics, and the use of protective clothing in the workplace are also discussed.
This book is comprised of 28 chapters and begins by outlining developments in occupational health practice, along with the monitoring of occupational diseases. The chapters that follow explore the mental health of people at work and the health effects of vibration, noise, and ionizing radiation in the workplace. The text also considers emergency medical treatment in the workplace; vocational rehabilitation and resettlement of people with disabilities; occupational health services for migrant workers; and special problems in occupational health in developing countries. The final chapter describes health promotion and counseling in the workplace. Suggestions as to how the occupational health professional should deal with perturbations in the health of the worker and workplace are included.
This monograph will be of value to occupational health practitioners.

Chapter

Types of occupational health service

Conclusions

References

Chapter 2. Pre-placement screening

Introduction

Reasonable objectives

The approach

The questionnaire

Pre-employment testing

Conclusions

Further reading

Chapter 3. Principles of toxicology

Introduction

Basic definitions

Routes of entry

Interspecies variations

Dose-response relationships

Metabolism

Bioaccumulation and excretion

Uptake and excretion of volatile materials

Repair and adaptation

Conclusions

Further reading

Chapter 4. The introduction and monitoring of occupational diseases

Introduction

Cardiovascular disease

Reproductive system

Occupational lung diseases

Liver disease

Neuropsychiatrie disorders

The kidney

Malignancies of the genitourinary tract

The skin

The musculoskeletal system

Conclusions

Further reading

Chapter 5. Mental health of people at work

Introduction

Prevalence of mental illness in the community

Selection factors in occupational settings

Epidemiology and symptomatology of the major categories of mental illness

Basic essential skills for eliciting psychological symptoms

Causes of mental illness

Physical consequences of mental illness

Occupational consequences of mental illness

Domestic consequences of mental illness

Treatment of depression

Treatment of anxiety

Conclusions: implications for occupational health services

References

Chapter 6. Vibration

Introduction: definition

Properties

Health effects of vibration

Measurement of vibration

Evaluation of vibration

Vibration control

Vibration isolation

References

Further reading

Chapter 7. Noise

Introduction: definitions

Properties of sound

Derived parameters

Properties of decibels

Practical use of parameters and formulae

Effects of noise

Sound measurement

Noise control

Personal protection

Statutory provisions

References

Chapter 8. Ionizing radiation

Introduction

Basic physical concepts

Sources of radiation

Radiation effects

Principles of control of radiation exposure

References

Chapter 9. Thermal stresses in occupations

Introduction

Thermal physiology

Origins of thermal stress

Environmental components and their measurement

Human heat exchange

The thermal effects of clothing

Indices of thermal stress

Evaluation and control of occupational thermal stress

Emergency treatment

References

Chapter 10. Biological monitoring of exposure to industrial chemicals

Introduction: definition and role of biological monitoring of exposure

Methods in biological monitoring of exposure

Criteria for selecting biological tests

Interpretation of the results

Analytical and ethical aspects

References

Chapter 11. Pulmonary function and assessment

Introduction

Structure and function

Innervation

Lung volume measurements

References

Chapter 12. Audiometry

Introduction: structure and function of the ear

Categories of hearing loss

Development of noise-induced hearing loss

Measurement of hearing loss

Interpretation of audiograms

Other uses of audiometry

Conclusions

References

Chapter 13. Vaccination policies

Introduction

Vaccines

Further reading

Chapter 14. Principles of occupational epidemiology

Introduction: historical background

General concepts

Epidemiological study designs

Technical comments on study designs

Validity in occupational health epidemiology

Costs, power and size

References

Appendix A: relation of rates

Appendix B: aetiological fraction

Appendix C: principal procedure of cohort analysis using nationalrates

Appendix D: analysis of stratified case-referent data

Chapter 15. Survey design

Introduction: the scope of occupational epidemiology

Questions

Collaboration

Feasibility

Protocol

Survey objectives

Design

Variables

Tests, records and definitions

Planning the analysis

Timetables

Ethical and 'political' issues

Costs

Practical plans

The survey

Analysis

References

Chapter 16. Atmospheric monitoring

Introduction

Air sampling methods

Chapter 17. Analytical methods

Introduction

Coiorimetry

Atomic spectroscopy

Chromatography

Mass spectrometry

Quality assurance

Chapter 18. Sickness absence

Introduction: responsibilities, costs and definition

Absence records: personnel and occupational health records

Measuring absence: basic statistics and misconceptions

Factors known to influence sickness absence

The certification of sickness: the doctor or the patient?

Positive action: diagnosis, treatment and prevention

Conclusions: control of sickness absence

References

Chapter 19. Toxicity testing of industrial chemicals

Introduction

Legislative provisions for toxicity testing

Performance of test procedures

Details and interpretation of test procedures

Hazard classification

Reference

Appendix: UK Documentation and Legislation

Further reading

Chapter 20. Ergonomics

Introduction

Physical effort

Static effort

Information handling

Accidents and errors

The physical environment

Work design and organization

Introducing ergonomics

Ergonomics and the occupational health professional

References

Chapter 21. Protective clothing

Introduction

Classification of protective clothing

Protective clothing systems: brief descriptions

A methodical approach to the selection of protective clothing

References

Further reading

Chapter 22. Health effects of hyperbaric environments

Introduction

Decompression sickness or DCS

Dysbaric osteonecrosis

Other effects due to gas absorption and decompression

Sinus disease

Ears

Breathing gases

Diving chamber environment

The compressed air tunnel environment

Other aspects of hyperbaric environments

Conclusions

References

Chapter 23. Treatment and first aid services

Introduction

Factors influencing the establishment of treatment services

Matching the service to the need

Treatment services in the United Kingdom

Concentration of treatment services

Medical records

Rehabilitation and resettlement at work

References

Further reading

Chapter 24. Emergency medical treatment

Introduction

Emergencies incidental to work

Emergencies directly related to work

Catastrophes

Conclusions

Further reading

Chapter 25. Vocational rehabilitation and resettlement

What do we mean by vocational rehabilitation

Key concepts

Current services in Britain

Vocational rehabilitation overseas

Vocational evaluation and work adjustment

New directions

Conclusions: the need for professional education and development

Further reading

Chapter 26. Migrant workers

Introduction

Magnitude of the problem

The potential risks

Some remedies

Research

Conclusions

References

Chapter 27. Special problems in developing countries

Introduction

The nations of the developing world

Occupational health services for developing countries

The setting of exposure levels in the work environment

Research and developing countries

Conclusions

References

Chapter 28. Health promotion and counselling

Introduction: Health for All by the Year 2000

Occupational health and preventive activities

The health promotion concept

Health promotion in the workplace

The scope of health promotion

Participation in health promotion programmes

Distinction between health promotion programmes (HPPs) and employee assistance programmes (EAPs)

Prevention of cardiovascular disease

Prevention of alcohol problems and substance abuse

Smoking policies and smoking cessation

Counselling

Conclusion

References

Further reading: counselling

Index

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