Chapter
Strengths and Limitations of Observational Epidemiology
Molecular Epidemiology—The Use of Biologic Markers in Epidemiologic Research
Historic Contributions to Molecular Epidemiology
Chapter 2. Molecular Biology in Epidemiology
Basic Principles of Molecular Biology
Core Techniques of Molecular Biology
Suggested Further Reading
Validation and Selection of Biomarkers
Chapter 4. Technical Variability in Laboratory Data
Laboratory Quality Assurance and Control
Examples of Laboratory Variability for Biologic Markers Used in Epidemiologic Studies
Chapter 5. Biologic Monitoring and Pharrnacokinetic Modeling for the Assessment of Exposure
Possible Dose Surrogates and Their Characteristics
Importance of Kinetic Behavior of Biologic Indicators
Possible Pharmacokinetic Models
Applications of Pharmacokinetic Models
Chapter 6. Design Considerations in Molecular Epidemiology
Using Biomarkers in Epidemiologic Research
Molecular Epidemiologic Study Designs
Examples of Epidemiologic Study Designs with Various Types of Biomarkers
Chapter 7. Statistical Methods in Molecular Epidemiology
Determining the Number of Subjects
Sensitivity, Specificity, and Misclassification
Repeated Measures and Serially Correlated Data
Chapter 8. Biologic Specimen Banks: A Resource for Molecular Epidemiologic Studies
Utility of a Bank for Molecular Epidemiologic Studies
Major Influences on the Utility of Biologic Banks
Bias in Studies Involving Banked Materials
Chapter 9. Interpretation and Communication of Molecular Epidemiological Data
Chapter 10. Use of Biomarkers in Risk Assessment
Introduction and General Philosophical Issues
Use of Biomarkers as Dosimeters
Use of Indicators to Help Define and Measure Interindividual Variability in Susceptibility
Use of Indicators to Project Effects of Concern That Are Difficult to Measure Directly
The Brave New World of Molecular Pathology—The Example of Cancer
Part II: PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS
Chapter 11. Carcinogenesis
Case Studies: Methods, Problems, Challenges, and Study Design Considerations
Chapter 12. Infectious Disease
Overview of Markers Used in Infectious Diseases
Chapter 13. Cardiovascular Disease
Assessing Genetic and Environmental Interactions for Coronary Heart Disease Risk
Issues in the Analysis of Biomarkers
Chapter 14. Genetic Disease
Classification of Genetic Disease
Methodologic Issues in the Use of Biomarkers in Epidemiologic Studies of Genetic Diseases
Examples of Biomarkers for a Common Disease with Genetic Components
Chapter 15. Biologic Markers in the Epidemiology of Reproduction
Markers of Female Reproduction and Pregnancy Outcome
Markers of Male Reproduction
Chapter 16. Immune Markers in Epidemiologic Field Studies
Components of the Host Defense System
Laboratory Measurements of Immune Cells, Mediators, and Functions
Applications of Immune Markers for Determining Exposure, Health Effects, and Susceptibility
Illustrations Using Immune Markers in Health Effect Studies
Chapter 17. Biomarkers of Pulmonary Disease
Cystic Fibrosis and α1-Antitrypsin
Chapter 18. Biologic Markers in the Genitourinary System
Molecular Epidemiology of the Genitourinary System
Chapter 19. Neurologic Disease
Brain and Central Nervous System Tumors
Chapter 20. Practical Applications of Biomarkers in the Study of Environmental Liver Disease
Biomarkers Currently in Use or under Consideration
Strengths and Limitations
Chapter 21. Biomarkers of Musculoskeletal Disorders
Considerations for Using Biomarkers in Epidemiology Studies
Types of Biomarkers of Musculoskeletal Disorders
Methods for Measuring Biomarkers
Use of Animal Models to Investigate Musculoskeletal Biomarkers
Molecular Epidemiology—A Transitory Nomenclature?
Some Considerations Before Using Biomarkers in Epidemiologic Research
Looking toward the Future