Front Cover

The Endocrine Function of the Human Testis

Copyright Page

Table of Contents

PREFACE

Chapter 1. Determination of Androgens in Human Plasma

Acknowledgement

References

CHAPTER 2. METHODOLOGIC CONSIDERATIONS ON THE MEASUREMENT OF PLASMA ANDROGENS BY COMPETITIVE PROTEIN BINDING METHODS AND RADIO-ASSAYS

Abstract

Symbols

Introduction

Reliability Criteria of Competitive Binding Analysis

Methodologie Problems of Competitive Binding Methods for the Measurement of Androgens

Extraction of androgens from plasma and elimination of nonspecific interference

Acknowledgments

References

Chapter 3. Problems Connected with Steroid Radioimmunoassay

1. Steroid antisera

2. Assay optimization

3. Extraction and purification procedures

4. 125 I labelled steroid-TME derivatives as tracers in steroid

References

Chapter 4. Mathematical Analysis of the Results of Competitive Binding Methods

Abstract

Symbols

Introduction

Choice of model

Arcsin transformation

Orthogonal polynomials

Logit-log transformation

Analysis of transformations

The modified logit-log model

Experimental examination of the models

Conclusions

Acknowledgments

References

CHAPTER 5. DETERMINATION OF ANDROGENS IN PLASMA

Abstract

Introduction

1. Gas Chromatographie determination of plasma testosterone.

II. Testosterone determination by competitive protein binding

III. Determination of plasma testosterone by radioimmunoassay

Summary

References

CHAPTER 6. DETERMINATION OF TESTOSTERONE IN PERIPHERAL AND SPERMATIC VENOUS PLASMA BY A COMPETITIVE PROTEIN BINDING METHOD

Abstract

Symbols

Introduction

Materials and Reagents

Method

Results

Discussion

Acknowledgments

References

CHAPTER 7. GAS CHROMATOGRAPHIC DETERMINATION OF PLASMA TESTOSTERONE

Introduction

General Considerations

III. Validation of the Procedure

IV. SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS

APPENDIX 1. DESCRIPTION OF THE PROCEDURE

APPENDIX 2. MATERIALS

Acknowledgements

References

CHAPTER 8. ELEMENTS OF A FORWARD APPROACH TO THE MECHANISM OF ANDROGEN ACTION

Abstract

General metabolism

Transport

Testosterone metabolism in target organs and mode of action

Androgen receptors in target cells

Testosterone : a connecting molecule

References

CHAPTER 9. THE PHYSICAL STATE OF TESTOSTERONE IN PLASMA

Abstract

Introduction

Four plasma proteins are known to bind testosterone

Reproducibility

Comments

References

Chapter 10. Mathematical Models for Study of Androgen Metabolism

Summary

References

CHAPTER 11. THE METABOLIC CLEARANCE RATE AND THE METABOLISM OF TESTOSTERONE

Abstract

Introduction

1. The hepatic bloodflow

2. The hepatic extraction

3. The extrahepatic clearance

Summary

References

Chapter 12. Recent Data on the Chemistry of Human Gonadotropins

References

Chapter 13. Immunochemical and Biological Nature of Gonadotrophin Subunits

Acknowledgements

References

Chapter 14. Aspects of the Mechanism of Action of Gonadotrophins

Introduction

Experimental design

Ovarian Carbohydrate Metabolism

Amino acid transport and protein synthesis

Concluding remarks

Acknowledgements

References

Chapter 15. Radioimmunoassay of Gonadotropins

Summary

I. The first problem: the hormone preparation for labeling

II. The second problem: specificity of antiserum against FSH or LH

III. Third problem: Choice of a reference preparation

IV. Methods of Separating Free from Antibody-Bound Gonadotrophins

V. Application of FSH and LH radioimmunoassay to urines

VI. Application of gonadotrophin radioimmunoassay

References

Chapter 16. Characteristics of a Solid Phase Method for FSH and LH

Summary

Introduction

II - Binding of the antibody to the plastic surface

Ill - Reaction between bound antibodies and the antigen

IV - Preparation of radioiodated hormones

Conclusion

Acknowledgements

References

Chapter 17. Sexual Differentiation of the Hypothalamic "Prolactin Inhibiting Factor Center" and Other Brain Areas

Introduction

I. Sexual differentiation of gonadotrophic secretion and sexualbehaviour

II. Sexual differentiation of prolactin secretion

III. Sexual differentiation of non-reproductive behavioural patterns

Acknowledgement

References

Chapter 18. Organizing Effects of "Early" Testosterone Secretion on Steroid Metabolism and Binding

A. Testosterone Secretion During Fetal and Neonatal Life

B. General Survey of the Changes Induced by Pre- or Neonatal Testosterone Secretion

C. Steroidal and other Biochemical Changes Programmed by Pre- or Neonatal Testosterone

D. Clustering of the Testosterone Induced Changes: An Attemptto Relate the Steroidal Changes to Morphological and Behavioral Differentiation

E. A Search for the Teleonomy of the Changes in Steroid Metabolism Induced by Pre- or Neonatal Testosterone

F. Possible Role of Steroid Binding in Regression of Facilitation Induced by "Early" Testosterone Secretion

G. Effect of Estrogens on the Differentiation Induced by Fetal and Neonatal Testosterone

H. Conclusion

References

Chapter 19. Mechanisms Which Control Puberty in Males

Introduction

II. Results

III. Discussion

Acknowledgment

References

Chapter 20 The Hypothalamic Gonadotrophin Releasing Factors

Summary

References

Chapter 21. In Vitro Methods for the Study of Releasing Hormones

Abstract

Introduction

Materials and Methods

Results and Discussion

Acknowledgements

References

Chapter 22. Synthetic Gonadotropin Releasing Hormone: A Powerful Tool for the Clinician

Abstract

References

Chapter 23. Feedback Activity of Testosterone and of its 5a-Reduced Metabolites

Introduction

II. Results

III. Conclusions

Acknowledgment

References

Chapter 24. Human Gonadotropin Secretion in Male Subjects

Summary

A. Influence of Testosterone

B. Factors controlling FSH secretion

C. Influence of Clomiphene

D. Influence of Releasing-Factor

E. Gonadotropin function in various disease states in men

References

Chapter 25. Regulation of the Production of Testicular Steroids

Introduction

Acknowledgement

References

CHAPTER 26. ANDROGEN DEPENDENCY OF SPERMATOGENESIS AND THE PHYSIOLOGICAL SIGNIFICANCE OF STEROID METABOLISM IN VITRO BY THE SEMINIFEROUS TUBULES

Summary

Introduction

Androgen Dependency of Spermatogenesis

Physiological significance of steroid metabolism in vitro by the seminiferous tubules

Separation of the tubules and interstitium and the possibility of cross-contamination

Metabolism of cholesterol by the seminiferous tubules

Relative abilities of the interstitium and seminiferoustubules of the rat testis to metabolise progesterone to testosterone in vitro

Correlation between events occurring in vivo and changesin steroid metabolism by the seminiferous tubules in vitro

The Sertoli cells as the site of androgen production:biochemical and morphological studies

Steroid metabolism by the seminiferous tubules of the human testis in vitro

Endogenous production of testosterone by the interstitium and tubules in vitro and the roles of LH and FSH

General Discussion and Conclusions

Acknowledgements

References

Chapter 27. Biochemical Functions of Isolated Interstitial Tissue and Seminiferous Tubules from Rat Testis

Introduction

References

Chapter 28. Evaluation of Male Infertility by Dynamic Tests

Summary

Introduction

Acknowledgments

References

SUBJECT INDEX