Vascular and Neurological Changes in Early Diabetes :Advances in Metabolic Disorders, Vol. 2

Publication subTitle :Advances in Metabolic Disorders, Vol. 2

Author: Camerini-Dávalos   Rafael A.;Cole   Harold S.  

Publisher: Elsevier Science‎

Publication year: 2013

E-ISBN: 9781483215556

P-ISBN(Paperback): 9780120273621

P-ISBN(Hardback):  9780120273621

Subject: R4 Clinical Medicine;R5 Internal Medicine

Language: ENG

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Description

Advances in Metabolic Disorders, Supplement 2: Vascular and Neurological Changes in Early Diabetes covers knowledge of the vascular and neurological changes in early diabetes. The book discusses the prevalence of macroangiopathy in asymptomatic diabetes, the prevalence of asymptomatic diabetes in human atherosclerosis, and the observations made in seeking evidence for macroangiopathy, microangiopathy, and neurological changes in patients with latent diabetes. The text also describes angiopathy and neuropathy in mild juvenile diabetes; the role of insulin in the development of atherosclerosis; and the effect of insulin on lipid metabolism of human arteries.
Discussions about microangiopathy, including topics on serum glycoprotein disturbances and their rheological effects in diabetes mellitus; the biochemical properties of human glomerular basement membrane in normal and diabetic kidneys; and the plasma levels of growth hormone and glucagon in diabetic patients and relatives of diabetic patients are also considered. The book further tackles topics about neuropathy, including the role of sorbitol pathway in neuropathy, the polyol pathway in the neuropathy of early diabetes, as well as nervous abnormalities in early diabetes. The text concludes by looking into the effect of treatment on diabetes. Endocrinologist, biochemists, physiologists, and researchers working on related topics will find the book useful.

Chapter

Discussion

Conclusion

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

REFERENCES

Chapter 2. The Prevalence of Asymptomatic Diabetes in Human Atherosclerosis

REFERENCES

Chapter 3. A Search for Macroangiopathy in Patients with Latent Diabetes

REFERENCES

Chapter 4. Angiopathy and Neuropathy in Mild Juvenile Diabetes

Retinal Vessels

Peripheral Arteries

Kidney Function

Nerve Function

Summary

REFERENCES

DISCUSSION

Chapter 5. The Role of Insulin in the Development of Atherosclerosis

Experimental Studies

Discussion and Conclusions

REFERENCES

Chapter 6. Effect of Insulin on Lipid Metabolism of Human Arteries

Lipolysis

Lipogenesis

Discussion

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

REFERENCES

Chapter 7. Glucose Lipogenesis in Rabbit Aorta in Relation to Age, Degree of Atherosclerosis, and the Presence of Insulin

The Experimental System

Relations between Total Glucose Lipogenesis, Cellularity, and Age

Formation of Phospholipids from Glucose As Related to Cellularity and Age

The Formation of Triglycéride

The Effect of Insulin

Relation to Atherosclerosis

REFERENCES

DISCUSSION

Chapter 8. Hypertriglyceridemia in Early Diabetes

REFERENCES

Chapter 9. Altered Carbohydrate and Lipid Metabolism and Coronary Heart Disease among Men in Tecumseh, Michigan

Methods

Results

Discussion

Summary

REFERENCES

Chapter 10. Insulin, Glucose and Lipid Levels in Mild Diabetics in Relation to Complications

Patients and Methods

Results

REFERENCES

DISCUSSION

Chapter 11. Studies in the Functional Properties of Vascular Mucopolysaccharides

REFERENCES

Chapter 12. Proline Hydroxylase in Injury-Induced Arteriosclerosis

Methods

Results and Discussion

Conclusions

REFERENCES

Chapter 13. Polyol Pathway Activity in Aorta

REFERENCES

DISCUSSION

Chapter 14. Diabetic Macroangiopathy: Blood Flow and Radiological Studies

REFERENCES

DISCUSSION

Part II: MICROANGIOPATHY

Chapter 15. Genetic Transmission of Vasculopathy in KK Mice

Materials and Methods

Results

Discussion

REFERENCES

DISCUSSION

Chapter 16. The Metabolism of the Isolated Renal Glomerulus and Its Basement Membranes

Methods

Results

Discussion

Summary

REFERENCES

Chapter 17. Serum Glycoprotein Disturbances and Their Rheological Effects in Diabetes Mellitus

Material and Methods

Results

Discussion

Summary

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

REFERENCES

DISCUSSION

Chapter 18. Biochemical Properties of Human Glomerular Basement Membrane in Normal and Diabetic Kidneys

Introduction

Methods and Results

Discussion

REFERENCES

Chapter 19. Biochemistry of the Glomerular Basement Membrane in Diabetes

REFERENCES

DISCUSSION

Chapter 20. Growth Hormone and Diabetic Angiopathy

The Growth Hormone Abnormality in Diabetes Mellitus

The Nature of the Growth Hormone Abnormality in Diabetes

Other Studies on Plasma Growth Hormone in Diabetes

Hypophysectomy in Long-Term Diabetes

The Growth Hormone Hypothesis

Summary

REFERENCES

Chapter 21. Comparative Metabolie and Clinical Studies of Sexual Ateliotic Dwarfs and Diabetics

Serum Lipid Patterns

Lipoprotein Patterns in Serum

Microangiopathic Lesions

REFERENCES

Chapter 22. Plasma Levels of Growth Hormone and Glucagon in Diabetic Patients and Relatives of Diabetic Patients

Plasma Levels of Growth Hormone

Plasma Levels of Growth Hormone and Glucagon

Summary and Conclusions

REFERENCES

DISCUSSION

Chapter 23. Plasma Epinephrine and Plasma Norepinephrine Concentrations in Early Diabetes

REFERENCES

DISCUSSION

Chapter 24. Microangiopathy and Early Diabeticlike Sugar Tolerances in Animals with Induced Thyroid Immunity

Materials and Methods

Results and Comments

Concluding Remarks

REFERENCES

Chapter 25. Microangiopathy in the Experimentally Diabetic Animal

Materials and Methods

Results

Summary and Conclusions

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

REFERENCES

Chapter 26. Vascular Changes Accompanying Dysmetabolism in Rabbits

Biochemistry

Aortas

Coronary Arteries

Heart Muscle

Cerebral Vessels

Kidneys

Conclusions

REFERENCES

Chapter 27. Microvascular Alterations in Chronically Streptozotocin-Diabetic Rats

Material and Methods

Results

Discussion

REFERENCES

DISCUSSION

Chapter 28. Ultrastructure of Glomerular Lesions in KK Mice

Material

Methods

Results

REFERENCES

Chapter 29.Related Factors in the Progression of Microangiopathy in KK Mice

Material and Methods

Results

Discussion

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

REFERENCES

Chapter 30. Microangiopathy in Animals with Spontaneous Diabetes

Material and Methods

Results

Discussion

REFERENCES

Chapter 31. Retinal and Renal Microangiopathy in Carp with Spontaneous Diabetes Mellitus

Materials and Methods

Results

Discussion

Summary

REFERENCES

DISCUSSION

Chapter 32. Diabetic Basement Membranelike Changes Demonstrable in Peripheral Blood Lymphocytes

Methods

Results

Discussion

Conclusion and Working Hypothesis

REFERENCES

Chapter 33. Ophthalmoscopic Findings and Changes in Hormonal and Metabolic Parameters in "Protodiabetes"

Patients, Examinations and Methods

Results

Summary and Conclusions

REFERENCES

Chapter 34. Kidney Structural Abnormalities in Early Diabetes

The Peripheral Glomerular Basement Membrane

REFERENCES

DISCUSSION

Chapter 35. The Capillaries of South African Diabetics in Perspective

Material and Methods

Results

Discussion

Conclusions

Summary

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

REFERENCES

Chapter 36. Diabetic Microangiopathy: Electron Microscope Findings in Human Muscle

Basement Membrane Width in Diabetes

Absence of Microangiopathy in Ateliotic Dwarfs

Retinal Microangiopathy as the Initial Sign of Diabetes Mellitus

Modified Methods of Measuring Average Basement Membrane Width

Summary

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

REFERENCES

Chapter 37. Capillary Basement Membrane Thickness in Early Diabetes

Material and Method

Muscle Biopsies

Statistical Analysis

Results

Discussion

Conclusion

REFERENCES

Chapter 38. Early Capillary Basement Membrane Changes in Subjects with Diabetes Mellitus

REFERENCES

DISCUSSION

Chapter 39. Deterioration of Tolerance to Glucose and Progression of the Microangiopathy: Effect of Treatment (Preliminary Report)

Material and Methods

Results

Effect of Treatment

Discussion

REFERENCES

Chapter 40. Microvascular Changes in Early Diabetes Mellitus

REFERENCES

DISCUSSION

Chapter 41. Basement Membrane Thickening in Latent Diabetes

REFERENCES

Chapter 42. The Microvascular Complications ofEarly Diabetes in the Pima Indians

Material and Methods

Results

Discussion

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

REFERENCES

DISCUSSION

Part Ill: NEUROPATHY

Chapter 43. Role of Sorbitol Pathway in Neuropathy

Methods

Results

Effect of Therapy on Nerve Carbohydrate Content

Discussion

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

REFERENCES

Chapter 44. The Polyol Pathway in the Neuropathy of Early Diabetes

Material and Methods

Results

Conclusion

REFERENCES

DISCUSSION

Chapter 45. Nervous Abnormalities in Early Diabetes

Nerve Function during Anoxia

Motor Nerve Conduction Velocity (MNCV)

Autonomie Nervous System

Summary

REFERENCES

DISCUSSION

Chapter 46. Ultrastructural Pathology of Peripheral Nervous System in Early Diabetes

Recent Observations

Discussion

Summary

REFERENCES

Chapter 47. Neurological Findings in Chemical Diabetes

Discussion and Comments

REFERENCES

Chapter 48. Neurological Changes in Early Diabetes

Clinical Manifestations

Discussion

REFERENCES

Chapter 49. Clinical Features of Peripheral Neuropathy Associated with Hypoglycemia

Peripheral Neuropathy in Exogenous Hyperinsulinism

Peripheral Neuropathy in Endogenous Hyperinsulinism

Comments

REFERENCES

DISCUSSION

Part IV: EFFECT OF TREATMENT

Chapter 50. Effect of Hypophysectomy and Growth Hormone Treatment on the Composition of Canine Aorta

Introduction

Materials and Methods

Results

Discussion

Summary and Conclusions

ACKNOWLEDGMENT

REFERENCES

DISCUSSION

Chapter 51. Cardiovascular Complications in Diabetics

Introduction

Materials

Results

Discussion

REFERENCES

DISCUSSION

Chapter 52. Therapy of Early Diabetes: The University Group Diabetes Program

Design and Method

Results

Discussion

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

REFERENCES

DISCUSSION

Chapter 53. Borderline Diabetics and Their Response to Tolbutamide

Effect of Treatment with Oral Compounds

Earlier Findings

Subgroup Analysis

Mortality Experience

Weight and Blood Sugar Changes

Conclusion

REFERENCES

Chapter 54. Long-Term Treatment of Patients with Abnormal Intravenous Glucose Tolerance after Myocardial Infarction

Material and Methods

Results

REFERENCES

Chapter 55. Vascular Disease in Diabetes and the Effect of Oral Antidiabetic Agents

Pathogenesis of Vascular Disease

Effect of Oral Antidiabetic Agents: The University Group Diabetes Program

Joslin Clinic Studies with Oral Agents

Final Comment

REFERENCES

Chapter 56. Treatment of Chemical Diabetes with Chlorpropamide and the Associated Mortality

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

REFERENCES

Chapter 57. Progress Report on the Prophylactic Use of Oral Hypoglycemie Drugs in Asymptomatic Diabetes: Neurovascular Studies

Subjects and Methods

Results

Summary

REFERENCES

Chapter 58. Improvement in Motor Nerve Conduction Following Treatment in Newly Diagnosed Diabetics

Material and Methods

Results

Discussion

REFERENCES

Chapter 59. The Effects of Metformin on Lipid-Induced Atherosclerosis

Material and Methods

Results

Discussion

Summary

REFERENCES

DISCUSSION

Subject Index

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