Tissue Engineering Using Ceramics and Polymers ( 2 )

Publication series :2

Author: Boccaccini   Aldo R;Ma   P. X.  

Publisher: Elsevier Science‎

Publication year: 2014

E-ISBN: 9780857097163

P-ISBN(Paperback): 9780857097125

P-ISBN(Hardback):  9780857097125

Subject: Q Biological Sciences;TB3 Engineering Materials;TS1 the textile industry, dyeing industry;TS94 in the clothing industry, footwear industry

Language: ENG

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Description

The second edition of Tissue Engineering Using Ceramics and Polymers comprehensively reviews the latest advances in this area rapidly evolving area of biomaterials science.

Part one considers the biomaterials used for tissue engineering. It introduces the properties and processing of bioactive ceramics and glasses, as well as polymeric biomaterials, particularly biodegradable polymer phase nanocomposites. Part two reviews the advances in techniques for processing, characterization, and modeling of materials. The topics covered range from nanoscale design in biomineralization strategies for bone tissue engineering to microscopy techniques for characterizing cells to materials for perfusion bioreactors. Further, carrier systems and biosensors in biomedical applications are considered. Finally, part three looks at the specific types of tissue and organ regeneration, with chapters concerning kidney, bladder, peripheral nerve, small intestine, skeletal muscle, cartilage, liver, and myocardial tissue engineering. Important developments in collagen-based tubular constructs, bioceramic nanoparticles, and multifunctional scaffolds for tissue engineering and drug delivery are also explained.

Tissue Engineering Using Ceramics and Polymers is a valuable reference tool for both academic researchers and scientists involved in biomaterials or tissue engineering, including the areas of bone and soft-tissue reconstruction and repair, and organ regeneration.

Chapter

1.2 Characteristics of ceramics

1.3 Microstructure of ceramics

1.4 Properties of ceramics

1.5 Processing of ceramics

1.6 Conclusions and future trends

1.7 References

2: Polymeric biomaterials for tissue engineering

2.1 Introduction

2.2 Polymeric scaffolds for tissue engineering

2.3 Polymeric scaffolds with controlled release capacity

2.4 Conclusions and future trends

2.5 Acknowledgements

2.6 References

3: Bioactive ceramics and glasses for tissue engineering

3.1 Introduction

3.2 Scaffolds for tissue engineering

3.3 Bioactive ceramics

3.4 Properties of bioactive ceramics

3.5 Tissue engineering applications of bioactive ceramics

3.6 Bioactive glasses

3.7 Preparation and properties of bioactive glasses

3.8 Bioactive glasses in tissue engineering

3.9 Bioactive glass–ceramics

3.10 Bioactive composites

3.11 Conclusions and future trends

3.12 References

4: Biodegradable and bioactive polymer/inorganic phase nanocomposites for bone tissue engineering (BTE)

4.1 Introduction

4.2 Composite materials for bone tissue engineering

4.3 Nanocomposites for tissue engineering

4.4 Electrospinning

4.5 Electrospun composite scaffolds based on natural polymers

4.6 Electrospun composite scaffolds based on synthetic polymers

4.7 Natural and synthetic polymer combinations

4.8 Conclusions and future trends

4.9 Acknowledgement

4.10 References

Part II: General issues: processing, characterisation and modelling

5: Nanoscale design in biomineralization for developing new biomaterials for bone tissue engineering (BTE)

5.1 Introduction

5.2 Materials and techniques for nanoscale design

5.3 Nanoparticles

5.4 Nanofi bers and nanotubes

5.5 Nanopatterns

5.6 Drug-delivery systems

5.7 Nanocomposites

5.8 Nanogels and injectable systems

5.9 Surface functionalization and templating

5.10 Conclusions and future trends

5.11 Acknowledgement

5.12 References

6: Characterisation of cells on biomaterial surfaces and tissue-engineered constructs using microscopy techniques

6.1 Introduction

6.2 General considerations and experimental design

6.3 Confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM)

6.4 Combining techniques

6.5 Future trends

6.6 Sources of further information and advice

6.7 References

7: Materials for perfusion bioreactors used in tissue engineering

7.1 Introduction

7.2 The need for large volume cell culturing

7.3 Bioreactors for tissue engineering

7.4 The future of large bioreactors through in vitro mimicry of the stem cell niche

7.5 Conclusions and future trends

7.6 Acknowledgements

7.7 References

8: Transplantation of engineered cells and tissues

8.1 Introduction

8.2 The immune response to tissue engineered products

8.3 Generality of the resistance of tissue engineered products to immune rejection

8.4 Testing and regulatory consequences

8.5 Comparison between autologous and allogeneic tissue engineering

8.6 Conclusions and future trends

8.7 Sources of further information and advice

8.8 Acknowledgements

8.9 References

9: Carrier systems and biosensors for biomedical applications

9.1 Introduction

9.2 Carrier systems

9.3 Commercial systems

9.4 Biosensors

9.5 Continuous monitoring

9.6 Immunosensors for point-of-care testing

9.7 Future trends

9.8 Conclusions

9.9 References

10: From images to mathematical models: intravoxel micromechanics for ceramics and polymers

10.1 Introduction

10.2 Conversion of voxel-specifi c computed tomography (CT) data into material composition (volume fractions)

10.3 Conversion of material composition into voxel-specifi c elastic properties

10.4 Intravoxel-micromechanics-enhanced fi nite element simulations

10.5 Conclusions and future trends

10.6 Acknowledgements

10.7 References and further reading

10.8 Appendix: nomenclature

Part III: Tissue and organ regeneration

11: Engineering of tissues and organs

11.1 Introduction

11.2 Native cells

11.3 Alternate cell sources: stem cells for use in tissue engineering

11.4 Biomaterials

11.5 Cellular therapies

11.6 Tissue engineering of specifi c structures

11.7 Vascularization of engineered tissues

11.8 Conclusions and future trends

11.9 References

12: Myocardial tissue engineering

12.1 Introduction

12.2 Cell sources

12.3 Biomaterials-based strategies in myocardial tissue engineering (MTE)

12.4 Potential scaffolding biomaterials

12.5 Conclusions and future trends

12.6 References and further reading

13: Kidney tissue engineering

13.1 Introduction

13.2 Limitations of hemodialysis (HD) as renal replacement therapy

13.3 Concept and confi guration of bioartifi cial kidneys

13.4 Early developments in bioartifi cial kidney design

13.5 Present developments in bioartifi cial tubule devices

13.6 Bioartifi cial tubule devices in the treatment of acute kidney injuries with endotoxinaemia

13.7 Development of bioartifi cial renal tubule devices for long-term treatment

13.8 Development of a bioartifi cial glomerulus

13.9 Future trends

13.10 References

14: Bladder tissue regeneration

14.1 Introduction

14.2 Concepts, strategies and biomaterials for bladder reconstruction and tissue engineering

14.3 Review of past and current strategies in bladder reconstruction

14.4 Cell conditioning in an external bioreactor

14.5 Future trends

14.6 Conclusions

14.7 References

15: Peripheral nerve tissue engineering

15.1 Introduction to the nervous system

15.2 Peripheral nerve injury and regeneration

15.3 Peripheral nerve repair

15.4 Nerve guidance conduits (NGCs)

15.5 Further structural optimisation of NGCs

15.6 Cultured cells for nerve repair

15.7 Conclusions

15.8 References

16: Tissue engineering of the small intestine

16.1 Introduction

16.2 Approaches to tissue engineering of the small intestine

16.3 Scaffold selection

16.4 Guided tissue regeneration of the small intestine

16.5 Cell seeding sources

16.6 Combining cells and scaffolds

16.7 Growth factors

16.8 Conclusions and future trends

16.9 References

17: Skeletal muscle tissue engineering

17.1 Introduction

17.2 Clinical and scientifi c applications

17.3 Characteristics of skeletal muscle

17.4 Potential scaffolds for skeletal muscle tissue engineering

17.5 Smart matrices

17.6 Electrospun scaffolds in vivo /arteriovenous (AV)-loop models in the rat

17.7 Conclusions and future trends

17.8 References

18: Cartilage tissue engineering

18.1 Introduction

18.2 Strategies for cartilage repair

18.3 The structure of articular cartilage

18.4 Biomaterials for articular cartilage replacement therapy

18.5 Conclusions

18.6 Future trends

18.7 Acknowledgement

18.8 References

19: Liver tissue engineering

19.1 Introduction

19.2 Liver diseases and current treatments

19.3 In vitro conditions for hepatocytes

19.4 In vitro analysis of hepatocyte function

19.5 Potential applications of engineered liver tissue

19.6 Conclusions and future trends

19.7 References

20: Collagen-based tubular constructs for tissue engineering applications

20.1 Introduction

20.2 Current approaches to vascular tissue replacement and regeneration

20.3 Current approaches to airway tissue replacement, regeneration, and modelling

20.4 Type I collagen: the construction material

20.5 Cells: the construction workers

20.6 Culture conditions: the construction tools

20.7 Conclusions and future trends

20.8 References

21: Bioceramic nanoparticles for tissue engineering and drug delivery

21.1 Introduction

21.2 Ceramic nanoparticles

21.3 Nanoparticles for drug delivery

21.4 Nanoparticles for gene transfer (transfection)

21.5 Nanoparticles for gene silencing

21.6 Fluorescent nanoparticles for imaging

21.7 Nanoparticles in tissue engineering

21.8 Conclusions and future trends

21.9 References

22: Multifunctional scaffolds for bone tissue engineering and in situ drug delivery

22.1 Introduction

22.2 Scaffolds as drug carriers

22.3 Controlled release of therapeutic drugs for bone tissue engineering

22.4 Conclusions and future trends

22.5 References and further reading

Index

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