Description
The second edition of Tissue Engineering Using Ceramics and Polymers comprehensively reviews the latest advances in this area rapidly evolving area of biomaterials science.
Part one considers the biomaterials used for tissue engineering. It introduces the properties and processing of bioactive ceramics and glasses, as well as polymeric biomaterials, particularly biodegradable polymer phase nanocomposites. Part two reviews the advances in techniques for processing, characterization, and modeling of materials. The topics covered range from nanoscale design in biomineralization strategies for bone tissue engineering to microscopy techniques for characterizing cells to materials for perfusion bioreactors. Further, carrier systems and biosensors in biomedical applications are considered. Finally, part three looks at the specific types of tissue and organ regeneration, with chapters concerning kidney, bladder, peripheral nerve, small intestine, skeletal muscle, cartilage, liver, and myocardial tissue engineering. Important developments in collagen-based tubular constructs, bioceramic nanoparticles, and multifunctional scaffolds for tissue engineering and drug delivery are also explained.
Tissue Engineering Using Ceramics and Polymers is a valuable reference tool for both academic researchers and scientists involved in biomaterials or tissue engineering, including the areas of bone and soft-tissue reconstruction and repair, and organ regeneration.
Chapter
1.2 Characteristics of ceramics
1.3 Microstructure of ceramics
1.4 Properties of ceramics
1.5 Processing of ceramics
1.6 Conclusions and future trends
2:
Polymeric biomaterials for tissue engineering
2.2 Polymeric scaffolds for tissue engineering
2.3 Polymeric scaffolds with controlled release capacity
2.4 Conclusions and future trends
3:
Bioactive ceramics and glasses for tissue engineering
3.2 Scaffolds for tissue engineering
3.4 Properties of bioactive ceramics
3.5 Tissue engineering applications of bioactive ceramics
3.7 Preparation and properties of bioactive glasses
3.8 Bioactive glasses in tissue engineering
3.9 Bioactive glass–ceramics
3.10 Bioactive composites
3.11 Conclusions and future trends
4:
Biodegradable and bioactive polymer/inorganic phase nanocomposites for bone tissue engineering (BTE)
4.2 Composite materials for bone tissue engineering
4.3 Nanocomposites for tissue engineering
4.5 Electrospun composite scaffolds based on natural polymers
4.6 Electrospun composite scaffolds based on synthetic polymers
4.7 Natural and synthetic polymer combinations
4.8 Conclusions and future trends
Part II:
General issues: processing, characterisation and modelling
5:
Nanoscale design in biomineralization for developing new biomaterials for bone tissue engineering (BTE)
5.2 Materials and techniques for nanoscale design
5.4 Nanofi bers and nanotubes
5.6 Drug-delivery systems
5.8 Nanogels and injectable systems
5.9 Surface functionalization and templating
5.10 Conclusions and future trends
6:
Characterisation of cells on biomaterial surfaces and tissue-engineered constructs using microscopy techniques
6.2 General considerations and experimental design
6.3 Confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM)
6.6 Sources of further information and advice
7:
Materials for perfusion bioreactors used in tissue engineering
7.2 The need for large volume cell culturing
7.3 Bioreactors for tissue engineering
7.4 The future of large bioreactors through in vitro
mimicry of the stem cell niche
7.5 Conclusions and future trends
8:
Transplantation of engineered cells and tissues
8.2 The immune response to tissue engineered products
8.3 Generality of the resistance of tissue engineered products to immune rejection
8.4 Testing and regulatory consequences
8.5 Comparison between autologous and allogeneic tissue engineering
8.6 Conclusions and future trends
8.7 Sources of further information and advice
9:
Carrier systems and biosensors for biomedical applications
9.5 Continuous monitoring
9.6 Immunosensors for point-of-care testing
10:
From images to mathematical models: intravoxel micromechanics for ceramics and polymers
10.2 Conversion of voxel-specifi c computed tomography (CT) data into material composition (volume fractions)
10.3 Conversion of material composition into voxel-specifi c elastic properties
10.4 Intravoxel-micromechanics-enhanced fi nite element simulations
10.5 Conclusions and future trends
10.7 References and further reading
10.8 Appendix: nomenclature
Part III:
Tissue and organ regeneration
11:
Engineering of tissues and organs
11.3 Alternate cell sources: stem cells for use in tissue engineering
11.6 Tissue engineering of specifi c structures
11.7 Vascularization of engineered tissues
11.8 Conclusions and future trends
12:
Myocardial tissue engineering
12.3 Biomaterials-based strategies in myocardial tissue engineering (MTE)
12.4 Potential scaffolding biomaterials
12.5 Conclusions and future trends
12.6 References and further reading
13:
Kidney tissue engineering
13.2 Limitations of hemodialysis (HD) as renal replacement therapy
13.3 Concept and confi guration of bioartifi cial kidneys
13.4 Early developments in bioartifi cial kidney design
13.5 Present developments in bioartifi cial tubule devices
13.6 Bioartifi cial tubule devices in the treatment of acute kidney injuries with endotoxinaemia
13.7 Development of bioartifi cial renal tubule devices for long-term treatment
13.8 Development of a bioartifi cial glomerulus
14:
Bladder tissue regeneration
14.2 Concepts, strategies and biomaterials for bladder reconstruction and tissue engineering
14.3 Review of past and current strategies in bladder reconstruction
14.4 Cell conditioning in an external bioreactor
15:
Peripheral nerve tissue engineering
15.1 Introduction to the nervous system
15.2 Peripheral nerve injury and regeneration
15.3 Peripheral nerve repair
15.4 Nerve guidance conduits (NGCs)
15.5 Further structural optimisation of NGCs
15.6 Cultured cells for nerve repair
16:
Tissue engineering of the small intestine
16.2 Approaches to tissue engineering of the small intestine
16.4 Guided tissue regeneration of the small intestine
16.5 Cell seeding sources
16.6 Combining cells and scaffolds
16.8 Conclusions and future trends
17:
Skeletal muscle tissue engineering
17.2 Clinical and scientifi c applications
17.3 Characteristics of skeletal muscle
17.4 Potential scaffolds for skeletal muscle tissue engineering
17.6 Electrospun scaffolds in vivo /arteriovenous
(AV)-loop models in the rat
17.7 Conclusions and future trends
18:
Cartilage tissue engineering
18.2 Strategies for cartilage repair
18.3 The structure of articular cartilage
18.4 Biomaterials for articular cartilage replacement therapy
19:
Liver tissue engineering
19.2 Liver diseases and current treatments
19.3 In vitro conditions for hepatocytes
19.4 In vitro analysis of hepatocyte function
19.5 Potential applications of engineered liver tissue
19.6 Conclusions and future trends
20:
Collagen-based tubular constructs for tissue engineering applications
20.2 Current approaches to vascular tissue replacement and regeneration
20.3 Current approaches to airway tissue replacement, regeneration, and modelling
20.4 Type I collagen: the construction material
20.5 Cells: the construction workers
20.6 Culture conditions: the construction tools
20.7 Conclusions and future trends
21:
Bioceramic nanoparticles for tissue engineering and drug delivery
21.2 Ceramic nanoparticles
21.3 Nanoparticles for drug delivery
21.4 Nanoparticles for gene transfer (transfection)
21.5 Nanoparticles for gene silencing
21.6 Fluorescent nanoparticles for imaging
21.7 Nanoparticles in tissue engineering
21.8 Conclusions and future trends
22:
Multifunctional scaffolds for bone tissue engineering and in situ drug delivery
22.2 Scaffolds as drug carriers
22.3 Controlled release of therapeutic drugs for bone tissue engineering
22.4 Conclusions and future trends
22.5 References and further reading