Front Cover

Facets of Dyslexia and its Remediation

Copyright Page

Table of Contents

PREFACE

CONTRIBUTORS

INTRODUCTION

PART I: VISUAL PROCESSING

CHAPTER 1. TEXTURE SEGREGATION BASED ON LINE ORIENTATION DEVELOPS LATE IN CHILDHOOD

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

REFERENCES

CHAPTER 2. THE ROLES OF SUSTAINED (P) AND TRANSIENT (M) CHANNELS INREADING AND READING DISABILITY

INTRODUCTION

THE ROLE OF SUSTAINED AND TRANSIENT CHANNELS IN VISUAL MASKING, READING AND READING DISABILITY

EXTENSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS OF RECENT DEVELOPMENTS

REFERENCES

CHAPTER 3. DO DYSLEXICS HAVE A VISUAL DEFICIT?

SPATIAL FREQUENCY PROCESSING

SPATIAL FREQUENCY

THE SUSTAINED AND TRANSIENT SUBSYSTEMS

SUSTAINED AND TRANSIENT SUBSYSTEMS AND READING

TRANSIENT AND SUSTAINED PROCESSING IN SRD'S AND CONTROLS

LOW-LEVEL VISUAL PROCESSING IN CONTROLS AND SRDS

WHAT ABOUT THE CONFUSION IN THE LITERATURE?

POSSIBLE RELATIONSHIP TO OTHER PROBLEMS MANIFEST IN SRDS?

CONCLUSIONS

REFERENCES

CHAPTER 4. MANIFESTO ON DYSLEXIA

ARGUMENT

POSITION

REFERENCES

CHAPTER 5. ONE WORD AT A TIME: A SOLUTION TO THE VISUAL DEFICIT IN SRDs?

INTRODUCTION

METHOD

RESULTS

CONCLUSIONS

FUTURE RESEARCH

REFERENCES

APPENDICES

CHAPTER 6. THE EFFECTS OF WAVELENGTH ON VISUAL PROCESSING AND READING PERFORMANCE IN NORMAL AND DISABLED READERS

VISUAL FACTORS IN SPECIFIC READING DISABILITY

TRANSIENT-SUSTAINED THEORY OF VISUAL PROCESSING

TRANSIENT-SUSTAINED PROCESSING AND READING DISABILITY

VISUAL MASKING STUDIES

THE USE OF COLOUR AS AN INTERVENTION FOR READING DISABILITY

SUMMARY

REFERENCES

CHAPTER 7. THE ROLE OF VISUAL PROCESSING IN GOOD AND POOR READERS'UTILIZATION OF ORTHOGRAPHIC INFORMATION IN LETTER STRINGS

INTRODUCTION

METHOD

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

CONCLUSION

REFERENCES

CHAPTER 8. THE OPTIMAL VIEWING POSITION FOR CHILDREN WITH NORMAL AND WITH POOR READING ABILITIES

INTRODUCTION

METHOD

RESULTS

DISCUSSION

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

REFERENCES

CHAPTER 9. VISION IN DYSLEXICS: LETTER RECOGNITION ACUITY, VISUAL CROWDING, CONTRAST SENSITIVITY, ACCOMMODATION, CONVERGENCE AND SIGHT READING MUSIC

INTRODUCTION

STUDY 1: MUSICAL TEXT

STUDY 2: VISUAL CAPACITIES IN DYSLEXICS

RESULTS

SUMMARY OF RESULTS

CONCLUSIONS

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

REFERENCES

CHAPTER 10. FIXATION, CONTRAST SENSITIVITY AND CHILDREN'S READING

INTRODUCTION

THE DUNLOP TEST AND READING

THE DUNLOP TEST AND FIXATION STABILITY DURING READING

METHODS

RESULTS

THE DUNLOP TEST AND CONTRAST SENSITIVITY

RESULTS

UNSTABLE BINOCULAR CONTROL AND VISUAL SYMPTOMS

LANGUAGE CLAMPING REVEALS THAT UNSTABLE FIXATION DOES AFFECT READING

GENERAL DESCRIPTION OF SUBJECTS AND METHODS

RESULTS

DISCUSSION

REFERENCES

CHAPTER 11. PERCEPTUAL AND COGNITIVE FACTORS IN DISABLED AND NORMAL READERS' PERCEPTION AND MEMORY OF UNFAMILIAR VISUAL SYMBOLS

INTRODUCTION

METHOD

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

CONCLUSION

REFERENCES

CHAPTER 12. LINKING THE SENSORY AND MOTOR VISUAL CORRELATES OF DYSLEXIA

INTRODUCTION

METHOD

RESULTS

CONCLUSIONS

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

REFERENCES

CHAPTER 13. TOWARD AN ECOLOGICALLY VALID ANALYSIS OF VISUAL PROCESSES IN DYSLEXIC READERS

INTRODUCTION

VISUAL PROCESSING DEFICITS IN DISABLED READERS

BACKWARD MASKING EFFECTS IN DISABLED READERS

RESEARCH WITH READING-LIKE TASKS

BACKWARD MASKING RESEARCH WITH READING-LIKE TASKS

CONCLUSION

REFERENCES

PART II: EYE MOVEMENTS

CHAPTER 15. SACCADIC EYE MOVEMENTS OF DYSLEXIC CHILDREN IN NON-COGNITIVE TASKS

INTRODUCTION

METHODS

RESULTS

DISCUSSION

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

REFERENCES

CHAPTER 16. SACCADIC EYE MOVEMENTS IN DYSLEXICS, LOW ACHIEVERS, AND COMPETENT READERS

INTRODUCTION

THE LINBURY STUDY

DISCUSSION

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

REFERENCES

CHAPTER 17. EYE MOVEMENTS IN READING CHINESE: PARAGRAPHS, SINGLE CHARACTERS AND PINYIN

INTRODUCTION

METHOD

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

CONCLUSION

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

REFERENCES

CHAPTER 18. READING VERTICALLY WITHOUT A FOVEA

INTRODUCTION

METHOD

DISCUSSION

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

REFERENCES

CHAPTER 19. EYE AND HEAD READING PATH IN HEMIANOPIC PATIENTS

INTRODUCTION

METHODS

RESULTS

DISCUSSION

CONCLUSION

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

REFERENCES

PART III: LANGUAGE PROCESSING

CHAPTER 20. A NEW THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK FOR UNDERSTANDING READING AND SPELLING TASKS

INTRODUCTION

CONCLUSION

REFERENCES

CHAPTER 21. INFORMATION INTEGRATION AND READING DISABILITIES

A MODEL OF INFORMATION INTEGRATION

THE TRIARCHIC MIND

METHODS

CONCLUSIONS

REFERENCES

CHAPTER 22. VISUOSPATIAL ABILITY AND LANGUAGE PROCESSING IN READING DISABLED AND NORMAL CHILDREN

INTRODUCTION

RESULTS

DISCUSSION

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

REFERENCES

CHAPTER 23. RATE OF ELEMENTARY SYMBOL PROCESSING IN DYSLEXICS

INTRODUCTION

METHOD

RESULTS

DISCUSSION

REFERENCES

CHAPTER 24. THE DEVELOPMENT OF SYMBOLIC - MOTOR PERFORMANCE IN MINIMAL BRAIN DYSFUNCTION BOYS

REFERENCES

PART IV: ATTENTIONAL CORRELATES OF DYSLEXIA

CHAPTER 25. POSSIBLE ATTENTIONAL ORIGINS OF WORD DECODING DEFICITS IN DYSLEXIA

INTRODUCTION

CONTEXT EFFECTS ON LATERALIZATION: A REPLICATION

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

REFERENCES

CHAPTER 26. TOWARDS THE ORIGINS OF DYSLEXIA

INTRODUCTION

OVERVIEW OF THE RESEARCH PROGRAMME

OVERALL DESIGN OF THE STUDIES

SPEED OF PROCESSING AND DYSLEXIA

OVERALL DISCUSSION

CONCLUSIONS

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

REFERENCES

CHAPTER 27. THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE AUTONOMOUS LEXICON OF READING DISABLED STUDENTS

INTRODUCTION

METHODS

RESULTS

DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

REFERENCES

PART V: EMOTIONAL CORRELATES OF DYSLEXIA

CHAPTER 28. PERSONALITY CHARACTERISTICS OF ADULT DYSLEXICS

INTRODUCTION

PERSONALITY SCALES

SUBJECTS AND METHODS

RESULTS

DISCUSSION

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

REFERENCES

CHAPTER 29. THE EMOTIONAL EFFECTS OF DYSLEXIA

INTRODUCTION

METHODS

RESULTS

CONCLUSION

REFERENCES

PART VI: DEFINITION AND EARLY DIAGNOSIS OF DYSLEXIA

CHAPTER 30. DYSLEXIA: ISSUES OF DEFINITION AND SUBTYPING

INTRODUCTION

GRADE/AGE DISCREPANCY DEFINITIONS

IQ: DEFINITIONS BASED ON STANDARD SCORE FORMULAS

IQ: DEFINITIONS BASED ON PREDICTION USING LINEAR REGRESSION

IQ: DEFINITIONS BASED ON MULTIVARIATE PREDICTION

EFFECTS OF DEFINITION

SUBTYPES OF DYSLEXIA

CONCLUSION

REFERENCES

CHAPTER 31. PATTERNS OF DEVELOPMENT IN GOOD AND POOR READERS AGE 6 - 11

INTRODUCTION

IMPLICATIONS

REFERENCES

CHAPTER 32. DEVELOPMENT OF THE DEST TEST FOR THE EARLY SCREENING FOR DYSLEXIA

INTRODUCTION

APPROACHES TO PREDICTING READING PROBLEMS AND DYSLEXIA

RECENT DEVELOPMENTS IN EDUCATIONAL TECHNOLOGY

REQUIREMENTS ANALYSIS FOR THE DEST

THE DESIGN OF THE STUDY

CONCLUSIONS

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

REFERENCES

PART VII: REMEDIATION: PRINCIPLES AND TECHNIQUES

CHAPTER 33. DYSLEXIA THERAPY: IN SEARCH FOR A RATIONALE

RESEARCH, EDUCATION AND THERAPY: THREE DIFFERENT CONTEXTS

BEYOND THE VERBAL-VISUAL DILEMMA

SEQUENCING

CONCLUSIONS

REFERENCES

CHAPTER 34. REASON, RHYTHM, RELAXATION AND THE NEW LITERACY:IMPLICATIONS FOR CURRICULUM DIFFERENTIATION TO MEET THE SPECIAL EDUCATIONAL NEEDS OF PUPILS WITH SPECIFIC LEARNING DIFFICULTIES

CONCLUSION

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

REFERENCES

CHAPTER 35. SYSTEMATIC PHONOLOGY: THE CRITICAL ELEMENT IN TEACHING READING AND LANGUAGE TO DYSLEXICS

INTRODUCTION

A PROJECT READ STUDY

METHODS

CONCLUSIONS

REFERENCES

CHAPTER 36. COMPUTER-BASED SPELLING REMEDIATION FOR DYSLEXIC CHILDREN USING THE SELFSPELL ENVIRONMENT

INTRODUCTION

THE SELFSPELL ENVIRONMENT

EVALUATION STUDY 1

TESTING RULE-BASED VS MASTERY BASED APPROACHES TO SPELLING REMEDIATION

RESULTS

DISCUSSION

REFERENCES

CHAPTER 37. VISUAL AND LINGUISTIC DETERMINANTS OF READING FLUENCY INDYSLEXICS: A CLASSROOM STUDY WITH TALKING COMPUTERS

INTRODUCTION AND THEORETICAL RATIONALE

THE STUDY

CASE VIGNETTES

CONCLUSION

REFERENCES

CHAPTER 38. OPHTHALMOLOGIC ASPECTS OF DYSLEXIA: BINOCULAR FULL CORRECTION OF DYSLEXICS WITH PRISMATIC GLASSES

INTRODUCTION

BINOCULAR CORRECTION

HETEROPHORIA AND DYSLEXIA

CASE STUDIES

RESULTS

DISCUSSION

REFERENCES

CHAPTER 39. THE ORTHOPTIC TREATMENT OF DYSLEXIA

DEFINITION OF DYSLEXIA

HYPOTHETICAL CAUSES OF DYSLEXIA

FUNDAMENTALS OF ORTHOPTIC DYSLEXIA TREATMENT

TREATMENT PROCEDURE

RESULTS OF TREATMENT

DISCUSSION OF OUR TREATMENT METHOD

REFERENCES

CHAPTER 40. ILLITERACY IN ADULTS: RESULTS FROM A SURVEY STUDY OF A READING AND WRITING TUTORIAL PROGRAM FOR ADULTS

INTRODUCTION

METHOD

RESULTS

DISCUSSION

REFERENCES

APPENDICES

CHAPTER 41. READING ACQUISITION IN ANALPHABETIC ADULTS

INTRODUCTION

DIAGNOSIS

TEACHING METHODS

THE LEARNING PROCESS

CONCLUSION

THE FREIBURG INTEGRAL APPROACH

PERSPECTIVES

REFERENCES

AUTHOR INDEX

SUBJECT INDEX