Description
As coal is considered as a substitute for other fuels, more serious attention is being given to the environmental impacts of the whole coal fuel cycle: mining, transport, storage, combustion and conversion. This volume presents an up-to-date account of these environmental impacts and the recent developments to combat and control them. A feature of the book is the way in which it discusses not only the experience and developments in North America and Western Europe but also presents much information made available for this study on the developments in the socialist countries of Eastern Europe.
Chapter
Chapter 1. Coal in the International Energy Scene
2. Resources and Reserves
3. Energy Use and Economic Growth
7. Institutional Developments
Chapter 2. Land Disturbance and Reclamation after Mining
2. Classification of Mining Land Disturbance
4. The Economics of Reclamation
Chapter 3. Resource Demands of Coal Production
3. Water Needs and Coal Development
Chapter 4. Environmental Impacts of Coal Transportation
2. Environmental Impacts Common to All Modes of Transport
4. Coal Transport by Truck
5. Coal Transport by Water
7. Coal Transport Impacts in Perspective
Chapter 5. Coal Combustion
2. Methods of Coal Combustion
3. Effluents Produced During Coal Combustion
4. Emission Control Techniques
Chapter 6. Coal Conversion Technologies
2. Coal Conversion Process Routes
5. Pyrolysis-based Conversion Processes
6. Emissions from Gasification and Liquefaction Plants
Chapter 7. Application of the Exposure Commitment Model to Coal Utilization Emission Problems
1. The Exposure Commitment Concept
2. Application of the Exposure Commitment Model
3. Comparative Assessments and the Exposure Commitment Method
Chapter 8. The Environmental Significance of Trace Elements from Coal Combustion and Conversion Processes
1. Occurrence and Distribution of Trace Elements in Coal
2. Mobilization of Trace Elements by Coal Utilization
3. Environmental Effects of Coal Utilization
Chapter 9. The Environmental Significance of Coal–derived Carbon Compounds
2. Human Health Effects of Coal-derived Carbon Compounds
3. Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in the Food Chain
4. Natural Origins of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons
5. Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons and Coal Combustion and Conversion Processes
6. Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon Body Burdens in Man
Chapter 10. Occupational and Environmental Health Problems from Coal Utilization and Conversion
Chapter 11. The Effect of Coal Utilization Emissions on Natural and Man-managed Terrestrial and Freshwater Ecosystems
2. Atmospheric Transport and Diffusion
3. Effects on Forest Ecosystems
4. Effects on Grassland Ecosystems
5. Effects on Other Natural and Semi-natural Ecosystems
6. Effects on Agricultural Crops
7. Effects of Air Pollutants from Coal Conversion Processes
8. Contamination of Ground and Surface Water by Coal Conversion Solid Waste
9. Bioaccumulation of Toxic Trace Elements from Coal Conversion Solid Wastes
10. Some Beneficial Effects of SO2 , NOx and Their Derivatives
11. Effects of Acid Precipitation on Freshwater Ecosystems
Environmental Impacts of Coal Mining & Utilization
：A Complete Revision of Environmental Implications of Expanded Coal Utilization
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