Alaska Native Corporations: Practices, Considerations and Contracting Programs ( Business Issues, Competition and Entrepreneurship )

Publication series :Business Issues, Competition and Entrepreneurship

Author: Darrell Green;Maria B. Lopez  

Publisher: Nova Science Publishers, Inc.‎

Publication year: 2016

E-ISBN: 9781626182103

Subject: F0 Economics

Keyword: 经济学

Language: ENG

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Alaska Native Corporations: Practices, Considerations and Contracting Programs

Chapter

ALASKA NATIVE CORPORATIONS: PRACTICES, CONSIDERATIONS AND CONTRACTING PROGRAMS

ALASKA NATIVE CORPORATIONS PRACTICES, CONSIDERATIONS AND CONTRACTING PROGRAMS

CONTENTS

PREFACE

Chapter 1 REGIONAL ALASKA NATIVE CORPORATIONS: STATUS 40 YEARS AFTER ESTABLISHMENT, AND FUTURE CONSIDERATIONS

WHY GAO DID THIS STUDY

WHAT GAO FOUND

Abbreviations

BACKGROUND

Alaska Native Claims Settlement Act Amendments

Regional Corporation Organization

Overview of the Regional Corporations

THE CORPORATIONS HAVE ADOPTED A VARIETY OF GOVERNANCE PRACTICES

Board Composition and Operation

Executive and Board Compensation

Board Elections

Shareholder Involvement

THE CORPORATIONS ARE SUBJECT TO SOME FEDERAL AND STATE FINANCIAL REPORTING REQUIREMENTS AND LIMITED STATE OVERSIGHT

Federal and State Financial Reporting Requirements for Alaska Native Corporations

Federal and State Oversight of Alaska Native Corporations’ Financial Reporting

THE CORPORATIONS PROVIDE DIVERSE MONETARYAND NONMONETARYBENEFITS TO THEIR SHAREHOLDERS AND OTHER ALASKA NATIVES

Monetary Benefits

Nonmonetary Benefits

QUESTIONS TO CONSIDER FOR THE FUTURE

Should the “Substantially All” Federal Reporting Requirement be Clarified and Overseen?

What Is the Appropriate Role of the Federal Government in Maintaining the Solvency of Alaska Native Corporations?

Who Shouldbe a Shareholder?

AGENCY AND THIRD-PARTY COMMENTS ANDOUR EVALUATION

APPENDIX I: OBJECTIVES, SCOPE, AND METHODOLOGY

End Notes

Chapter 2 CONTRACTING PROGRAMSFOR ALASKA NATIVE CORPORATIONS:HISTORICAL DEVELOPMENTAND LEGAL AUTHORITIES

SUMMARY

INTRODUCTION

THE HISTORY OF CONTRACTING PROGRAMS FOR ANCS

Alaska Native Claims Settlement Act and ANCs

Creation of Alaska Native Corporations

Definition of ANCs as Tribes

The Indian Self-Determination and Education AssistanceAct of 1975

8(a) Definition of Tribes

ANCs Deemed Economically Disadvantaged

ANCs’ Economic Performance

Loss

Recovery

Expansion

LEGAL AUTHORITIES GOVERNING CONTRACTINGWITH ANCS

General Contracting Authorities

General Small Business Authorities

Section 8(a) of the Small Business Act

Authorities in Native American Laws

5% “Subcontracting Bonus”

Credit Toward Prime Contractors’ Subcontracting Goals

Small Disadvantaged Businesses for Purposesof Transportation Contracts

Appropriations Riders Allowing Direct Conversionof DOD Functions

LEGISLATIVE ACTIVITY IN THE 112TH CONGRESS

REGULATORY DEVELOPMENTS

End Notes

INDEX

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