Chapter
Chapter 2 PROSPECTS FOR COAL IN ELECTRIC POWER AND INDUSTRY∗
ELECTRIC POWER GENERATION
Recent Changes in Markets for Electricity Fuels
Potential Coal Plant Retirements
Role of New and Alternative Power Generation Technologies
INDUSTRIAL COAL CONSUMPTION65
Chapter 3 U.S. RENEWABLE ELECTRICITY GENERATION: RESOURCES AND CHALLENGES∗
RENEWABLE ELECTRICITY CONCEPTS AND UNITS
Definition and Characteristics of Renewable Electricity
Renewable Electricity Terminology and Units
Measuring Energy: Fossil versus Renewable
Expressing Renewable Electricity Generation Potential: Watthour
Authoritative Data Sources for Renewable Energy Resources
U.S. RENEWABLE ELECTRICITY USE AND POTENTIAL
Summary of Current U.S. Renewable Electricity
Future Renewable Electricity Generation Potential
Technology and Cost Considerations
Technology and Cost Considerations
Technology and Cost Considerations
Technology and Cost Considerations
Technology and Cost Considerations
Technology and Cost Considerations
CHALLENGES FOR RENEWABLE ENERGY
Levelized Cost of Energy (LCOE)
Comparing Fossil and Renewable Energy Costs
Intermittency and Variability
Renewable Energy Footprint and Land-Use
Transmission Availability and Access
Environmental Impact and Aesthetic Concerns
Infrastructure Requirements
Technology Development and Commercialization
Policy and Regulatory Challenges
Energy Efficiency and Curtailment
ADDITIONAL CONSIDERATIONS FOR RENEWABLE ELECTRICITY IN THE UNITED STATES
The Scale of U.S. Energy Consumption
Relationship between Renewable Electricity and Imported Energy
International Renewable Electricity Markets
FUTURE TRENDS IN RENEWABLE ELECTRICITY
Chapter 4 THE SMART GRID AND CYBERSECURITY— REGULATORY POLICY AND ISSUES∗
ATTRIBUTES OF A SMART GRID
DEFINING CYBERSECURITY FOR THE SMART GRID
CYBERSECURITY VULNERABILITIES OF THE SMART GRID
Connections through Other Systems
Communications and Internet Access
Combined Cyber- and Physical Attacks
CURRENT CYBERSECURITY POLICY FOR THE SMART GRID
Status of Regulatory Implementation
Assessment of Cybersecurity Progress by Government Accountability Office
Assessment by DOE’s Inspector General of FERC’s Monitoring of Grid Cybersecurity
OTHER ISSUES IN FEDERAL SMART GRID CYBERSECURITY POLICY
Leadership of Federal Authority for Smart Grid Cybersecurity
Cost Challenges of Maintaining a Cyber-Secure Smart Grid
Privacy and Data Security
Government-Industry Coordination on Threats
OTHER COLLABORATIVE CYBERSECURITY INITIATIVES
White House Legislative Proposal on Cyberspace
Chapter 5 WEATHER-RELATED POWER OUTAGES AND ELECTRIC SYSTEM RESILIENCY∗
ANATOMY OF WEATHER-RELATED POWER OUTAGES
U.S. Storm-Related Outages
Outage Rates in Other Countries
ECONOMIC COSTS ASSOCIATED WITH STORM-RELATED POWER OUTAGES
REDUCING STORM-RELATED OUTAGES
Undergrounding of Distribution/Transmission Lines
Implementing Smart Grid Improvements
Reliability-Centered Maintenance Regulations
Mutual Assistance Agreements
Chapter 6 EPA’S UTILITY MACT: WILL THE LIGHTS GO OUT?∗
EPA’S ANALYSIS OF COSTS, BENEFITS, AND CONTROL TECHNOLOGY
INDUSTRY ANALYSES OF THE UTILITY MACT RULE
Chapter 7 NUCLEAR ENERGY: OVERVIEW OF CONGRESSIONAL ISSUES∗
BASIC FACTS AND STATISTICS
MAJOR NUCLEAR ENERGY ISSUES
Selected Congressional Action
Nuclear Power Plant Safety Act of 2011 (H.R. 1242, Markey)
Oversight Hearing: NRC’s Implementation of Recommendations for Enhancing Nuclear Reactor Safety in the 21st Century
Selected Congressional Action
Restore America Act of 2011 (H.R. 3302, Rooney)
Yucca Utilization to Control Contamination Act (H.R. 4625, Joe Wilson)/Nuclear Waste Fund Relief and Rebate Act (S. 2176, Graham)
Nuclear Fuel Storage Improvement Act of 2011 (S. 1320, Murkowski)
Nuclear Waste Administration Act of 2012 (S. 3469, Bingaman)
Oversight Hearing: Recommendations of the Blue Ribbon Commission on America’s Nuclear Future
Energy and Environmental Policy
Selected Congressional Action
Clean Energy Financing Act of 2011 (S. 1510, Bingaman)
Clean Energy Standard Act of 2012 (S. 2146)
Security and Emergency Response
Selected Congressional Action
Nuclear Power Licensing Reform Act of 2011 (H.R. 1268, Lowey)
Nuclear Disaster Preparedness Act (H.R. 1694, Engle)
Nuclear Weapons Nonproliferation
Selected Congressional Action
Chapter 8 FUEL USED IN ELECTRICITY GENERATION IS PROJECTED TO SHIFT OVER THE NEXT 25 YEARS∗
The Transformation of Electrical Power: Key Issues
( Energy Science, Engineering and Technology )
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