Chapter
Impact of EU-Korea and EU-Canada FTAs
Chapter 2 NATO COMMON FUNDS BURDENSHARING: BACKGROUND AND CURRENT ISSUES
NATO Security Investment Program
Common Funds Burdensharing Issues
Chapter 3 MONITORING AND VERIFICATION IN ARMS CONTROL
Monitoring and Verification in Arms Control
The Components of a Verification Regime
The Objectives of a Verification Regime
Monitoring and Verification in U.S.-Soviet and U.S.-Russian Arms Control22
Monitoring and Verification in New START
National Technical Means of Verification (NTM)
Providing Telemetry Generated during Missile Flight Tests
Telemetry Exchange in START
Telemetry Exchange in New START
Limits on Mobile ICBMs in START
Mobile ICBMs in New START
On-Site Inspections in START
On-Site Inspections in New START
Assessing the Verification Regime in New START
Chapter 4 FOREIGN AID: INTERNATIONAL DONOR COORDINATION OF DEVELOPMENT ASSISTANCE
Overview of Official Development Assistance
International Framework for Donor Coordination
Rome High Level Forum on Donor Harmonization
Paris Declaration on Aid Effectiveness
Implementing Donor Coordination
Use of Multilateral Organizations
Joint Assistance Strategies
Example: Sector Based Coordination—HIV/AIDS
U.S.-Specific Mechanisms for Donor Coordination
USAID Coordination Officers
Concerns about Direct Budget Support and Funding Pools
Agency and Personnel Incentives
Lack of Inter-Agency Coordination
Conflicting Strategic Interests
Working with Private and Emerging Donors
Appendix. ODA Donors and PrivateFoundations That Provide Assistance to Developing Countries
Chapter 5 FOREIGN SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING PRESENCE IN U.S. INSTITUTIONS AND THE LABOR FORCE
Foreign Students in U.S. Institutions
Participation Rates in Science and Engineering
Support of Foreign Students in Graduate School
Perceived Benefits and Problems
Foreign Scientists and Engineers in the U.S. Labor Force
Chapter 6 FOREIGN AID REFORM, NATIONAL STRATEGY AND THE QUADRENNIAL REVIEW
Interest in Elevating Diplomacy and Development
Issues and Actions during the George W. Bush Administration
Issues and Actions during the Obama Administration
Legislation on Foreign Aid Reform
The Presidential Study Directive on U.S. Global Development Policy
Chapter 7 DETECTION OF NUCLEAR WEAPONS AND MATERIALS: SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGIES, OBSERVATIONS
1. NuclearWeapons and Materials: Signatures and Detection
What Signatures Show the Presence of Nuclear weapons and SNM?
Atomic Number and Density
How Are Signatures Gathered, Processed, and Used?
Evasion of Detection Technologies
Current Detection Technologies
Radiation Portal Monitors
Radioactive Isotope Identification Devices
Radiographic Imaging Systems
Nanocomposite Scintillators16
Status, Schedule, and Funding
Scientific Risks and Concerns
Engineering Risks and Concerns
Cost and Schedule Risks and Concerns
Operational Risks and Concerns
Potential Gains by Increased Funding
Potential Synergisms and Related Applications
GADRAS: A Gamma-Ray Spectrum Analysis Application Using Multiple Algorithms22
Status, Schedule, and Funding
Scientific risks and concerns
Engineering Risks and Concerns
Cost and Schedule Risks and Concerns
Operational Risks and Concerns
Potential Gains by Increased Funding
Potential Synergisms and Related Applications
Computer Modeling to Evaluate Detection Capability34
Status, Schedule, and Funding
Scientific Risks and Concerns
Engineering Risks and Concerns
Schedule Risks and Concerns
Operational Risks and Concerns
Potential Gains by Increased Funding
Potential Synergisms and Related Applications
L-3 CAARS: A Low-Risk Dual-Energy Radiography System41
Status, Schedule, and Funding
Scientific Risks and Concerns
Engineering Risks and Concerns
Cost and Schedule Risks and Concerns
Operational Risks and Concerns
Potential Gains by Increased Funding
Potential Synergisms and Related Applications
SAIC CAARS: A Higher-Risk, Higher-Benefit Dual-Energy Radiography System68
Status, Schedule, and Funding
Scientific Risks and Concerns
Engineering Risks and Concerns
Cost and Schedule Risks and Concerns
Operational Risks and Concerns
Potential Gains by Increased Funding
Potential Synergisms and Related Applications
AS&E CAARS: Using Backscattered X-Rays to Detect Dense Material78
Status, Schedule, and Funding
Scientific Risks and Concerns
Engineering Risks and Concerns
Cost and Schedule Risks and Concerns
Operational Risks and Concerns
Potential Gains by Increased Funding
Potential Synergisms and Related Applications
Status, Schedule, and Funding
Scientific Risks and Concerns
Engineering Risks and Concerns
Cost and Schedule Risks and Concerns
Operational Risks and Concerns
Potential Gains by Increased Funding
Potential Synergisms and Other Applications
Scanning Cargo or Analyzing a Terrorist Nuclear Weapon with Nuclear Resonance Fluorescence128
Status, Schedule, and Funding
Scientific Risks and Concerns
Engineering Risks and Concerns
Cost and Schedule Risks and Concerns
Operational Risks and Concerns
Potential Gains by Increased Funding
Potential Synergisms and Related Applications
Detecting SNM at a Distance147
Status, Schedule, and Funding
Scientific Risks and Concerns
Engineering Risks and Concerns162
Cost and Schedule Risks and Concerns
Operational Risks and Concerns
Potential Gains by Increased Funding
Potential Synergisms and Related Applications
Observations on Progress in Detection Technology
Observations on Technical Progress and Congress
Observations on Technical Progress and Terrorism
Appendix. The Physics of NuclearDetection171
Shielding and Background Radiation
Signatures of Plutonium, Highly Enriched Uranium, and Nuclear Weapons
Atomic Number and Density
Presence of Gamma Rays beyond Background Levels
Presence of Neutrons beyond Background Levels
Time Pattern of Neutrons and Gamma Rays
Prompt Gamma Rays and Neutrons
Delayed Gamma Rays and Neutrons
Fission Chain Time Signature
Detecting Signatures of a Nuclear Weapon or SNM
Overview: How Are Signatures Gathered, Processed, and Used?
Detecting Absorption or Scattering of High-Energy Photons
Evasion of Detection Technologies
Chapter 8 THE TRANS-PACIFIC PARTNERSHIP AGREEMENT
Existing and Potential Membership
Some Congressional Reactions to the TPP
U.S. Objectives and Interests
Context with Other Regional Architectures25
A Comprehensive Trade Agreement
U.S. Trade with Current Trans-Pacific Partner Countries
Intellectual Property Rights
Trade Promotion Authority
Appendix. U.S. Merchandise Trade with New Zealand, 2009
Chapter 9 A NEW UNITED NATIONS ENTITY FOR WOMEN: ISSUES FOR CONGRESS
Setting the Context: Why a New U.N. Entity for Women?
Background and Current U.N. System Efforts
Existing Gender Structure
U.N. Development Fund for Women (UNIFEM)
Division for the Advancement of Women (DAW)
Office of the Special Adviser on Gender Issues and Advancement of Women (OSAGI)
International Research and Training Institute for the Advancement of Women (INSTRAW)
Findings of the High-Level Panel of System-Wide Coherence
General Assembly Action and the Secretary-General’s Proposal
Relationship with Other U.N. System Entities
U.N. Country Teams and Resident Coordinators
In-Country Operational Capacity
Obama Administration Position
Congressional Role and Considerations
The New Entity and U.S. Foreign Policy
Effectiveness and Oversight
Women’s Rights or HumanRights?
U.S. Priorities and Resources
Appendix: Selected U.N. Activities Addressing Women
I. Commission on the Status of Women (CSW)
II. U.N. World Conferences on Women
III. The U.N. Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women (CEDAW)
IV. U.N. Population Fund (UNFPA)
V. U.N. Children’s Fund (UNICEF)
VI. U.N. Security Council Resolutions 1325, 1820, and 1888
VII. Interagency Network on Gender and Women’s Equality (IANGWE)
Globalization: Background, Agreements and Current Issues
( Global Political Studies )
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