Clinical correlation of calpain-1 and glypican-3 expression with gallbladder carcinoma

Author:              

Publisher: Spandidos Publications

E-ISSN: 1792-1082|11|2|1345-1352

ISSN: 1792-1074

Source: Oncology Letters, Vol.11, Iss.2, 2016-01, pp. : 1345-1352

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Abstract

Gallbladder carcinoma (GBC) possesses a poor prognosis, which is primarily attributed to the lack of early and timely surgical intervention. Calpain-1 and glypican-3 have been implicated in the progression of various types of cancer. The present study aimed to detect the expression of calpain1 and glypican3 in GBC, and analyzed whether the expression levels of these proteins correlated with any clinicopathological variables. A total of 100 patients with GBC and 30 patients with cholecystitis who accepted surgical treatment were enrolled in the present study. Pathological and clinical data were obtained from all patients. The expression of calpain1 and glypican3 was detected in paraffinembedded tissues by immunohistochemistry. Calpain1 expression was manually assessed with an immunohistochemical Hscore with a slight modification. Glypican3 expression was assessed as negative and positive. The correlations between protein expression and clinicopathological characteristics, and the associations between the proteins were analyzed. All patients exhibited positive expression of calpain1. Notably, the high expression rate of calpain1 was significantly increased in patients with GBC, compared with patients with cholecystitis (32.0 vs. 6.7%; χ2=7.668; P=0.006), suggesting that calpain1 expression may be associated with progression from cholecystitis to GBC. In addition, the positive rate of glypican3 expression was 53.0% in patients with GBC and 63.3% in patients with cholecystitis, with no significant difference (χ2=0.997; P=0.318). Furthermore, the expression of calpain1 and glypican3 had no significant correlation with gender, age, degree of tumor differentiation and tumornodemetastasis classification in patients with GBC. Notably, the expression of calpain1 and glypican3 displayed a significant positive correlation in patients with GBC (r=0.517; P<0.01), but a significantly negative correlation (r=0.856; P<0.01) in patients with cholecystitis. In conclusion, calpain1 expression may be associated with progression from cholecystitis to GBC. Combined detection of calpain1 and glypican-3 may be beneficial for prognosis assessment of GBC.

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