Publisher： John Wiley & Sons Inc
E-ISSN： 2156-2202|100|B5|8083-8095
ISSN： 0148-0227
Source： Journal Of Geophysical Research, Vol.100, Iss.B5, 1995-05, pp. : 8083-8095
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Abstract
We present the results of a numerical simulation study of the thermo‐convective circulation in a sedimentary pile, in the distal part of the Bengal Fan. The occurrence of faults and the variability of surface heat flow data led previous workers to suggest hydrothermal circulation in this area. According to the purpose of Ocean Drilling Program survey Leg 116, data were collected which are adequate to constrain a model for the comprehension and the quantification of the relationship between ocean basin heat flow and pore fluid circulation. In this paper the sedimentary pile is modeled as an anisotropic and inclined porous layer interrupted by faults with a periodic distribution. An important observation the model tries to reproduce is the shift of approximately 2–3 km between the surface expression of the heat flow maximum and the fault zone near site 718. The influence of permeability anisotropy and of permeability within those fault zones is analyzed. When the maximum vertical permeability in the fault zones is 5 times greater than the vertical permeability of the porous block, the circulation consists of longitudinal rolls (i.e., rolls with their axis oriented downslope), with more vigorous convection in fault zones. When the maximum permeability of the fault zone is 10 or more times greater than the vertical permeability of the porous layer, convection is primarily restricted to the fault plane. In all cases maximum heat flow values are located directly above faults. This paper shows that the best agreement between those data suggests a 1 m yr−1 forced convection and a permeability of the sediments of 0.5 darcy (5 × 10−13 m2) and 5 mdarcy respectively, in the horizontal and vertical derictions.
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