Abbreviations

Mel’čuk’s lexical functions and lexical-semantic relations

Acknowledgements

1 General introduction

2 Acquisition of lexical and co-occurrence knowledge: an overview

2.1 Lexical acquisition and machine-readable dictionaries

2.2 Defining collocations

2.2.1 Lexical collocations

2.2.2 Grammatical collocations

2.2.3 Support verbs

2.3 Acquiring lexical knowledge from textual corpora

2.4 Conclusion

3 A few collocational dictionaries

3.1 Introduction

3.2 The BBI Dictionary

3.3 Selected English Collocations (SEC)

3.4 English Adverbial Collocations (EAC)

3.5 Langenscheidts Kontextwörterbuch Französisch-Deutsch

3.6 Conclusion

4 Pustejovsky’s Generative Lexicon

4.1 The theory

4.1.1 Argument structure

4.1.2 Event structure

4.1.3 Qualia structure

4.2 Conclusion

5 Meaning<=>Text Theory and the Explanatory Combinatory Dictionary

5.1 Introduction

5.2 The Explanatory Combinatory Dictionary

5.3 Structure of an ECD entry

5.3.1 Introductory Zone

5.3.2 Semantic Zone

5.3.3 Syntactic Zone

5.3.4 Lexical Functions Zone

5.4 Meaning<=>Text Theory and Natural Language Processing

5.5 Conclusion

6 Constructing a database from the Collins-Robert Dictionary

6.1 Introduction

6.2 The Collins-Robert Dictionary

6.3 The Collins-Robert metalinguistic apparatus

6.3.1 Part of speech of the source item

6.3.2 Meaning equivalents, explanations and micro-definitions

6.3.3 Subject field codes

6.3.4 Grammar notes

6.3.5 Selection restrictions

6.4 Metalanguage and lexical functions

6.5 Collocations, terminology and lexical functions

6.6 A relational database

6.6.1 Structure of the database

6.6.2 Modifying the metalinguistic apparatus

6.6.3 Enriching the database with lexical-semantic information

6.6.4 Retrieving information from the database: application programs

7 Defining formulae and lexical functions

7.1 Introduction

7.2 Mult

7.2.1 body of

7.2.2 group of

7.2.3 set of

7.2.4 series of

7.2.5 list of

7.2.6 cluster of

7.2.7 number of

7.2.8 A note on “collective”

7.3 Sing

7.3.1 piece of

7.3.2 a member of

7.3.3 flash of

7.3.4 act of

7.4 Sinstr

7.5 Caus/Perm

7.5.1 cause to/allow to

7.5.2 make + adj

7.6 A0

7.6.1 concerning

7.6.2 of the/of a

7.6.3 made of

7.7 Aj

7.7.1 having + N

7.7.2 causing + N

7.7.3 lacking + N

7.7.4 who + V

7.7.5 without

7.8 Anti

7.8.1 not

7.8.2 lack of

7.8.3 as opposed to

7.8.4 no longer

7.9 Contr

7.10 Son

7.10.1 sound of/noise of

7.11 Incep

7.11.1 become

7.11.2 grow

7.11.3 get

7.11.4 turn

7.12 Smod

7.12.1 way of + V-ing

7.13 Able

7.13.1 meant to

7.13.2 fit to

7.13.3 can be

7.13.4 able to

7.13.5 capable of

7.14 Perf

7.14.1 thing + Ven

7.15 Magn//

7.16 Centr

7.17 Conclusion

8 A few suggestions towards the creation of additional functions

8.1 Introduction

8.2 Unit

8.3 Part

8.3.1 part of

8.3.2 branch of

8.4 Child/Parent

8.5 Male/Female

8.6 Process

8.7 Telic

8.8 Spec

8.9 Conclusion

9 Assigning lexical functions: tests and consistency

9.1 Introduction

9.2 IncepPredMinus vs. FinFunc0

9.3 Culm vs. Centr

9.4 Telic

9.5 Real vs. AntiReal

9.6 Morphological clues

9.6.1 Up/Down

9.6.2 Off

9.6.3 Away

9.7 Conclusion

10 A closer look at the lexical function Son

10.1 Introduction

10.2 Phonaesthesia and onomatopoeia

10.3 Sound verbs in the Collins-Robert dictionary

10.4 Analyzing regularities

10.5 Final clusters

10.6 Conclusion

11 Noun alternations and sense extensions

11.1 Introduction

11.2 Lexical Implication Rules

11.3 LIRs and the bilingual dictionary

11.3.1 Mass/Count alternation

11.3.2 The Animal ? Fur LIR

11.3.3 The Fruit/Flower of plant ? Plant LIR

11.3.4 The Container -> Contents LIR

11.4 Conclusion

12 Transitivity alternations

12.1 Introduction

12.2 The causative/inchoative alternation

12.3 Ergative verbs and the Collins-Robert dictionary

12.4 Ergativity and translation

12.4.1 No modification

12.4.2 Pronominalization

12.4.3 Causative operator: Faire + infinitive

12.4.4 Causative operator: Rendre + adjective

12.4.5 Passive construction

12.5 Automatic vs. semi-automatic acquisition of ergative verbs

12.6 Ergative verbs and lexical functions

12.7 Conclusion

13 Metaphors and lexical functions

13.1 Introduction

13.2 Lakoff & Johnson’s Metaphors We Live By

13.3 Lexical functions

13.3.1 Mult

13.3.2 Basic shapes and lexical functions

13.4 Conclusion

14 Pedagogical applications

14.1 Introduction

14.2 Teaching collocations in a business English class: an experiment

14.3 Towards CALL exercises

14.3.1 Studying the collocational potential of a given base

14.3.2 Recovering the base

14.3.3 Studying lexical functions

14.4 Improving reference works

14.5 Conclusion

15 General conclusions

16 Appendices

16.1 Appendix A: The Son lexical function (sample list)

16.2 Appendix B: Verbs of sound (in reverse alphabetical order)

16.3 Appendix C: The Mult lexical function (sample list)

16.4 Appendix D: The Culm lexical function

16.5 Appendix E: The Centr lexical function

16.6 Appendix F: The Sloc lexical function (sample list)

16.7 Appendix G: The Oper, lexical function (sample list)

16.8 Appendix H: The Liqu lexical function (sample list)

16.9 Appendix I: The noun PRICE and lexical functions

16.10 Appendix J: List of ergative verbs

17 Resume

18 Zusammenfassung

19 Bibliography

20 Index