Cover

About the authors

Title

Copyright

Contents

Illustrations

Acknowledgements

Introduction

The multiple origins of organised camping

0.1 Global protest camps prior to 2011

What makes a ‘protest camp’?

The link between protest camps and (new) social movements

Concept soup

0.2 The concept soup

Infrastructural analysis and book structure

0.3 The infrastructures of protest camps

An historical review of selected protest camps

0.4 Welcome tents like this one at Occupy Bristol form a central feature of many protest camps

0.5 Tents in the evening sun at HoriZone protest camp, Stirling, July 2005

0.6 The library of Occupy LSX

1 Infrastructures and practices of protest camping

Introduction

Protest camps and crafting a homeplace

Infrastructures

1.1 A noticeboard at Heiligendamm anti-G8 camp in Germany, 2007

1.2 The Oaxaca encampments in 2006 filled the city’s streets

1.3 The spokescouncil model

1.4 Compost toilets are part of the holistic, permaculture-inspired, ecological outlook of protest camps

Exposing the law

1.5 Laws and legal battles can form part of the struggle to create camps

‘Travelling’ infrastructures

1.6 Infrastructures travel, with tripods being used at different UK Climate Camps, including here at Kingsnorth in 2008

1.7 Note of solidarity at Occupy LSX

Conclusion

2 Media and communication infrastructures

Introduction

Adaptations

2.1 Entrance to the HoriZoneprotest camp, Stirling, July 2005

2.2 A media tent is part of many protest camps

Alternatives

2.3 Mainshill Solidarity Camp zine teaches readers how to build a bender

Print-based media

2.4 True Unity News was published in the Resurrection City camp

2.5 Greenham Common’s communication infrastructures included on-site media-making and off-site offices

2.6 The debut issue of The Occupied Wall Street Journal, October 2011

2.7 The Tahrir Square media tent

Conclusion

3 Protest action infrastructures

Introduction

3.1 Protest camping as direct action

Protest camps as places of protest action

The question of violence

Diversity of tactics

Protest action ecology

3.2 Climate Camp in the City at the G20 meeting in London, 2009

Protest action ecosystems

3.3 Police violence often reveals the race, class and gender oppressions that operate in protest camps

3.4 Kate Evans’ abseiling handbook

Conclusion

4 Governance infrastructures

Introduction

4.1 The hand signals of consensus decision-making popularised by Occupy

Organic horizontality and partial organisation

The organised camp and organic horizontality

Resurrection City and anarchitecture

Anti-nuclear occupations

The development of formalised consensus decision-making

Horizontality without formal horizontal decision-making

4.2 The first Climate Camp in summer 2006 in Yorkshire

4.3 A map illustrating decentralisation

Spaces of experimentation

Conclusion

5 Re-creation infrastructures

Introduction

5.1 Education is a central area of social reproduction pursued in protest camps

Nomadology

Theories of exceptionality

5.2 The occupation of Alcatraz marked the island as Indian land

5.3 A large installation of a plane invites people entering the 2007 Climate Camp at Heathrow to ‘exit the system’

5.4 A playful take on secession at Occupy LSX, 2011

5.5 Climate Camp at Heathrow, 2007

5.6 The cycle-powered Rinky Dink sound system at the Climate Camp at Heathrow, 2007

5.7 The protest camps against aluminium smelters inIceland, 2005–07

Social reproduction

5.8 Re-creating life in sustainable ways – renewable energy in protest camps

5.9 Climate Camp in the City in Bishopsgate, London, 2009

5.10 Struggles for de-colonisation and anti-racism were prominent in many Occupy camps

Conclusion

6 Alternative worlds

Introduction

Alternative worlds

Protest camps and the commons

To win and to fail

Protest camps research

References

Index

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