Description
Special Offer: KWR Drinking Water Treatment Set - Buy all five books together and save a total £119!
Safe drinking water is a basic need for all human beings. Preventing microbial contamination of drinking water is of primary concern since endemic illness and outbreaks of infectious diseases can have significant social and economic consequences. Confirming absence of indicators of faecal contamination by water analysis only provides a limited verification of safety. By measuring pathogenic organisms in source water and modelling their reduction by treatment, a higher level of drinking water safety can be verified.
This book provides stochastic methods to determine reduction of pathogenic microorganisms by drinking water treatment. These can be used to assess the level and variability of drinking water safety while taking uncertainty into account. The results can support decisions by risk managers about treatment design, operation, monitoring, and adaptation. Examples illustrate how the methods can be used in water safety plans to improve and secure production of safe drinking water.
More information about the book can be found on the Water Wiki in an article written by the author here: http://www.iwawaterwiki.org/xwiki/bin/view/Articles/Quantifyingmicro-organismremovalforsafedrinkingwatersupplies
Chapter
HISTORY OF MICROBIALLY SAFE DRINKING WATER
STATE OF THE ART OF QMRA IN 2002
Treatment assessment for QMRA
Distribution of pathogens in water
Treatment variation and rare events
Correlation between treatment steps
Direct assessment of pathogens in drinking water
QMRA in drinking water guidelines and legislation
QMRA: ITS VALUE FOR RISK MANAGEMENT
Complying with health targets
Quantifying normal events and special events
Designing monitoring programs
Preparing corrective actions
Treatment design: comparing alternatives
APPROACH OF THE PRESENTED STUDY
Catchment to Tap System (CTS)
The treatment assessment framework
Chapter 2: A stochastic pathogen reduction model for full-scale treatment
Process model for ozonation
Point estimate assessment
Microbial monitoring results
Approach 1: Point estimate
Approach 2: Pathogen data
Approach 3: Indicator organism data
Approach 4: Treatment modelling
Point estimate versus stochastic assessment
Pathogen versus indicator organism
Uncertainty of the assessment
Chapter 3: How can the UK statutory Cryptosporidium monitoring be used for quantitative risk assessment of Cryptosporidium in drinking water?
Overview of monitoring results
QMRA based on treated water monitoring
Reduction related to microbial density
Modelling treatment in QMRA
Chapter 4: Inactivation of Escherichia coli by ozone under bench-scale plug flow and full-scale hydraulic conditions
Bench-scale dissolved ozone plug flow reactor
Hydraulic model of the DOPFR
Ozone profile calculations
Disinfection calculations
Hydraulic model of the DOPFR
Hydraulic model of the full-scale installation
E. coli inactivation in the DOPFR
E. coli inactivation at full-scale
E. coli inactivation in literature
Comparing DOPFR and full-scale inactivation
T10 and CSTR calculations for E. coli inactivation in full-scale plant
Signifi cance for water treatment
Chapter 5: Improved methods for modelling drinking water treatment in quantitative microbial risk assessment; a case study of Campylobacter reduction by filtration and ozonation
Non-parametric MPN bootstrapping
Non-parametric validation of treatment efficacy
Parametric extrapolation of bootstrap samples
Non parametric treatment model
Parametric treatment model
Methods to present distribution of concentrations
Non-parametric treatment model
Parametric treatment model
Parametric model of total chain
Modelled risk of infection
Chapter 6: On the variability and uncertainty in quantitative microbial risk assessment of drinking water
Treatment performance assessment
Currently applied date method
Yearly variability of treatment performance
Validity of the calibrated stochastic treatment model
Use of surrogate organisms
Stochastic model calibration
Stochastic model applications
Chapter 7: Practical applications of quantitative microbial risk assessment for water safety plans
Compliance with health-based targets
Including uncertainty of log credits
Reducing uncertainty of log credits with site specific information
Including uncertainty of disinfection modelling
Including site specific variability in disinfection modelling
Modelling improvements of disinfection processes
Verification of treatment efficacy
Design of microbial monitoring
Design of process monitoring
Preparing corrective actions
Chapter 8: General discussion
COMBINING INFORMATION IN THE TREATMENT FRAMEWORK
INCLUDING VARIABILITY AND UNCERTAINTY BY STOCHASTIC MODELLING
MICROBIAL MONITORING OF DRINKING WATER
PROCESS MODELLING FOR QMRA
QUANTIFYING TREATMENT EFFICACY USING MICROBIAL MONITORING
ACCURACY OF STOCHASTIC TREATMENT MODELLING
APPLICATIONS OF QMRA IN THE WSP
IMPLICATIONS FOR THE DRINKING WATER INDUSTRY
CONSIDERATIONS FOR THE REGULATORS
Health effect and severity weight
Guidance by the legislator
Interaction between processes
Stochastic Modelling of Drinking Water Treatment in Quantitative Microbial Risk Assessment
( KWR Watercycle Research Institute Series )
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