Water and Wastewater companies operating all around the world have faced rising asset management and replacement costs, often to levels that are financially unsustainable.
These papers developed from LESAM 2007 for inclusion in Strategic Asset Management of Water Supply and Wastewater Infrastructures are focused on the techniques, technologies and management approaches aiming at optimising the investment in infrastructure while achieving demanded customer service standards, and they provide an opportunity to gain access to the latest discussion and developments at the leading-edge in this field. This book will be essential reading fo
Chapter
Three Valleys approach at PR04
Whole-life investment model
Uncertainty modelling associated with the Burst Model
Uncertainty modelling and option optimisation associated with the investment model
A novel methodology to prioritize investment proposals
General requirements and principles of the conceptual model
Assessment criteria considered in the investment analysis
Cost assessment formulation
Modified Net Present Value (MNPV) method
Annual costs’ formulation
Underlying assumptions of the operational model
Description of the operational model
CASE STUDIES AND RESULTS’ DISCUSSION
Mains and service connections
Criteria for the selection of the analysis period
Result sensitivity to subjective input data
Relationship between direct and indirect costs
Data availability constraints
Comparison of relative and absolute benefits
INVESTMENT PRIORITIZATION ALTERNATIVES
Prioritization by absolute benefit
Prioritization by relative benefit with class stratification
Prioritization by relative benefit without class stratification
Discussion and recommendations for further developments
CHAPTER 3: INSTITUTIONAL, ORGANISATIONAL AND RESEARCH ASPECTS
Report 1: A global vision for driving infrastructure asset management improvement
ASSET MANAGEMENT, A STEPPING STONE TO ESTABLISHING SUSTAINABLE SYSTEMS
IS THE PRACTICE OF ASSET MANAGEMENT BETTER ADVANCED THROUGH A REGULATORY STRUCTURE
WILL SHORT TERM DECISION REQUIREMENTS ALWAYS TRUMP LONG TERM OPTIMAL CHOICES?
DO SUSTAINABLY FOCUSED ORGANIZATIONS HAVE COMMON CHARACTERISTICS?
THREE IDEAS TO BUILD THE KNOWLEDGE BASE:THE EVOLUTION OF EXCELLENCE CENTERS; AN INTERNATIONAL STANDARD AND STEPPED-UP GLOBAL COLLABORATION AND EXCHANGE
Assigning a focal point for leadership in advancing sustainable water infrastructure (excellent centers or similar strategies)
An international standard for sustainable infrastructure
Stepped-up global collaboration on knowledge exchange and training
Report 2: Institutional, organisational and research aspects: Asset management system, the corner stone of managing an asset rich industry
STATE OF THE ART ASSET MANAGEMENT
MELBOURNE WATER’S ASSET MANAGEMENT SYSTEM
Melbourne Water’s 7 elements of asset management
Asset Management Strategic Framework
Asset Management Guidelines
Strategic Asset Management Plans
Asset Management Processes and Procedures
Asset Management Instructions and Forms
Melbourne Water 2004 benchmark results
ASSET MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS SUPPORTING REGULATORY REQUIREMENTS
SHORTCOMINGS, CHALLENGES AND FUTURE TRENDS
Asset management and regulation: The Portuguese case
THE PORTUGUESE WATER SECTOR
THE PORTUGUESE INSTITUTE FOR THE REGULATION OF WATER AND WASTE SERVICES – IRAR
Structural regulation of the sector
Regulation of the operators’ behaviour
ASSET MANAGEMENT IN THE WATER SECTOR
REGULATION AND ASSET MANAGEMENT
ISO24500 standards as a support tool to manage assets
THE ISO24500 SERIES OF STANDARDS
CONTENTS OF THE STANDARDS
THE STANDARDS AS A SUPPORT TOOL FOR ASSET MANAGEMENT
SETTING THE GOALS: THE SERVICE LEVELS
MEASURING THE RESULTS: PERFORMANCE INDICATORS SYSTEMS
Objective (user expectation)
Ownership and management of water utility assets in developing countries: The case of Kenya
WATER SECTOR INSTITUTIONAL FRAMEWORK IN KENYA
INSTITUTIONAL GUIDANCE RELATED TO ASSET OWNERSHIP, MANAGEMENT AND INVESTMENT PLANNING
Legislation and strategies
The Water (Plan of Transfer of Water Services) Rules, 2005
Sector Wide Approach to Planning
National Water Services Strategy 2007–2015
Draft Model Service Provision Agreements
DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS
CHAPTER 4: TARGET DEFINITION AND ASSESSMENT OF PERFORMANCE
Report: Target definition and assessment of performance in water services
THE NEED FOR STRATEGIC ASSET MANAGEMENT
THE NEED FOR A PERFORMANCE ASSESSMENT SYSTEM
The performance indicators
The context information and other data elements
THE DEFINITION OF A SET OF PERFORMANCE INDICATORS
The protection of the consumer’s interests
The sustainability of the utility
The environmental sustainability
THE DEFINITION OF TARGET VALUES
THE IMPLEMENTATION OF THE PERFORMANCE ASSESSMENT MEASURES
THE RELEVANCE OF THIS APPROACH FOR THE OTHER STAKEHOLDERS
THE NEED FOR SUPPORTING TOOLS
CURRENT STATE-OF-THE-ART, SHORTCOMINGS, CHALLENGES AND FUTURE TRENDS
Proposal for a methodology to assess the technical performance of urban sewer systems
Assessing infiltration and inflow impacts on the performance of sewer systems
Infiltration and inflow in sewer systems
Definition of performance indicators to assess I/I impacts
Definition of performance functions to assess I/I impacts
Performance assessment for hydraulic capacity – pipe scale application
Performance assessment for infiltration – catchment scale application
Performance assessment for inflow – catchment scale application
Extended period simulation in the estimation of the economic level of reliability for the rehabilitation of water distribution systems
APPLICATION TO THE PSG CASE STUDY
CHAPTER 5: COST AND BENEFIT VALUATION
Report: Cost and benefit valuation for asset management
SOME INSIGHTS INTO THE STATE OF THE ART ABOUT VALUATION OF COSTS AND BENEFITS
Decision-making in asset management
What are ‘‘costs’’ or ‘‘benefits’’?
Quick and partial overview of valuation approaches
Some more detailed insight into external costs and benefits
SOME SHORTCOMINGS, CHALLENGES AND FUTURE TRENDS
Identifying the appropriate spatial boundaries of the infrastructure to be considered and accounting for spatial structure of systems performance
Considering an appropriate time horizon and dealing with the long term
Addressing hazards and risks
Setting the boundaries of the ‘‘externalities’’ considered within asset performance
Further developing suited valuations for external costs and benefits
Dealing with uncertainties for decision-making
FINAL REMARKS: SHOULD WE GO ON DEVELOPING AND USING COSTS AND BENEFITS VALUATION, AND HOW CAN WE DEAL WITH DATA AVAILABILITY?
Asset management in Copenhagen Energy Sewerage Department
STRATEGIC LIFE-CYCLE COST MODEL IN CESD
Effect of water costs on the optimal renovation period of pipes
REVISION OF THE STRUCTURE AND COST CALCULATION
Maintenance and repair costs (C⊂2)
Variable costs related to lost water (C⊂3)
EL MAXIMUM ACCEPTABLE LEAKAGE VOLUME (MALV)
Influence of water production costs in the optimum renovation period
Influence of pipe average pressure in the determination of the optimum renovation period
Influence of the cost of water on the MALV
Influence of a higher failure rate
Influence of the repair costs
Implementing an asset management approach to capital investment planning
INTRODUCTION AND OVERVIEW
THE FUNDAMENTALS OF ASSET MANAGEMENT AND CAPITAL PLANNING
BUSINESS CASES AND PROJECT PRIORITIZATION
BUILDING A SOLID FINANCIAL FOUNDATION
EDUCATING AND ENGAGING STAKEHOLDERS
THE GOAL: SUSTAINABLE LONG TERM PLANNING
CHAPTER 6: TARGET DEFINITION AND ASSESSMENT OF RISKS
Report: Risk management: Current state, gaps, and looking ahead
Definition of risk management
STATE OF LEARNING AND PRACTICE FOR RISK MANAGEMENT
International infrastructure management manual
Australian and UK efforts
U.S. Guidebook: implementing asset management: a practical guide
Availability of detailed tools and methods (Barnes et al., 2007)
Categorization of risks (Barnes et al., 2007)
Risk management method (Barnes et al., 2007)
Organizational issues (Barnes et al., 2007)
The role of uncertainties in urban drainage decisions: uncertainty in inspection data and their impact on rehabilitation decisions
Hazard identification and risk analysis of water supply systems
Infrastructure strategic management in contingency situations
Rehabilitation of a large sewer: methodology for the Alcantara interceptor sewer
FUTURE DIRECTIONS/EMERGING THEMES
The role of uncertainty in urban drainage decisions: Uncertainty in inspection data and their impact on rehabilitation decisions
Interviews with urban drainage managers: uncertainties in decision making
Sewer inspections in the Netherlands
Data analysis: presence of defects
Data quality: analysis of sewers inspected more than once
Inspection data and sewer rehabilitation decisions
Hazard identification and risk analysis of water supply systems
METHODOLOGY FOR RISK ANALYSIS OF WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS
Terminology of risk analysis and general theory
Risk analysis under uncertainty
GENERIC FRAMEWORK OF RISK ANALYSIS OF WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS – PROJECT WATERRISK
Water supply system description
Catalogue of hazards and risk influencing factors
Catalogue of undesired events
Risk quantification and evaluation
Database of risk reducing measures
Rehabilitation of a large sewer: Methodology for the Alcântara interceptor sewer
Brief description of the case study
Structural degradation mechanisms
Degradation by internal causes
Degradation by external causes
CHAPTER 7: ASSET DATA AND INFORMATION SYSTEMS
Report: Overview of asset data and information systems session
Integrated support systems
Best practice leakage control tools
SHORTCOMINGS, CHALLENGES AND FUTURE TRENDS
Global approaches to asset management – an Australian integration of asset management techniques with executive business decision
ASSET MANAGEMENT SYSTEM BUSINESS INTEGRATION
BUSINESS REPORTING AND DECISIONS
AMS DEVELOPMENT DIRECTIONS
SIROCO, a decision support system for rehabilitation adapted for small and medium size water distribution companies
Features of the SIROCO approach
DEFINITION AND COLLECTION OF DATA
BREAK PREDICTION MODEL WITH AMALGAMATED DATABASE
HYDRAULIC RELIABILITY MODEL WITH DATA ORIGINATING FROM A GIS
Presentation of software to calculate hydraulic reliability
Constraints of network structure associated with using a GIS
Dividing the network into hydraulic sectors
Basic rules of network topology
Calculating the multicriteria score of a pipe
Configuring the hypotheses
Production of data files, exported to Cemagref
Processing at Cemagref and production of result file
Importation of result file by user
CHAPTER 8: ENGINEERING DEVELOPMENTS
Engineering developments in asset management: Water supply
SUMMARY OF THE STATE OF THE ART
FOCUSING THE RISK ASSESSMENT AND UTILISING AVAILABLE DATA
Innovations related to wastewater network assessment
Planning the upgrading of urban water networks – is there a need for the CARE-approaches
BACKGROUND: THE GLOBAL PROBLEM
INDICES OF AGEING IN URBAN WATER NETWORKS
Distribution network rehabilitation
Wastewater collection systems
STRATEGIES APPLIED FOR REHAB PLANNING
Strategic planning, level of service
WAYS TO USE THE CARE-APPROACH
USE OF CARE-W, AN EXAMPLE
Planning the rehabilitation of the Las Vegas water distribution network using CARE-W
CONDITIONS AT LVVWD THAT LED TO REHABILITATION PLANNING PROGRAM; OBJECTIVES PURSUED
CARE-W TOOLS; PROGRAM THAT WILL BE SET UP AT LVVWD
CURRENT ADVANCEMENT OF THE PROJECT; FUTURE&?show [NBsp]; PLANS
Performance Indicators (PI’s)
Failure forecasting (PHM and LEYP)
Hydraulic criticality (Relnet)
Annual Rehabilitation Planning (ARP)
Water Resources indicators (This section refers to the whole network)
Physical indicators (This section may refer to the whole network, sector, cluster or individual pipe)
Transmission and distribution network
Operational indicators (This section may refer to the whole network, sector, cluster or individual pipe)
Inspection and maintenance
Mains, valves and service connection rehabilitation
Quality of Service indicators (This section may refer to the whole network, sector or cluster)
Financial indicators⊃1 (This section refers to the whole network)
Economical rehabilitation assessment
Self-cleaning networks put to the test
The impact of pipe segment length on break predictions in water distribution systems
Obtaining data files for the study
Case of sandwich pipe segments
Calculating the break predictions
Method for comparing results
Capacity of identifying the segments the most at risk
The accuracy of the predictions
Elimination of sandwich pipes
Failure data analysis – a Dutch case study
Statistics for failure data analysis
Failure databases of Dutch water companies
Statistical analysis of the Dutch failure databases
Degradation of lining systems for drinking water networks
INVESTIGATION OF CEMENT MORTAR LININGS
Laboratory preparation and macro analysis
Thickness at ring and longitudinal direction
EPOXY AND CIP BASED LININGS
Visual investigation of linings
Measured lining thicknesses
Discussion on epoxy and CIP lining
Planning maintenance strategies for Italian urban drainage systems applying CARE-S
CARE-S: REGGIO EMILIA CASE STUDY
Historical analysis of maintenance activities performed by ENIA s.p.a.
Installation year and bedding conditions
Running the ‘‘Blockage’’ model
Running the ‘‘Load’’ model
Running the ‘‘ExtCorr’’ model
Running the Groundwater Assessment Tool (GAT)
Running the GompitZ model
Planning CCTV inspections
Sewer asset management: From visual inspection survey to dysfunction indicators
FOCUSING ON CCTV INSPECTIONS
From visual inspection coding to condition grades
ILLUSTRATION: THE SEWER NETWORKS OF THE DEPARTMENT OF BAS-RHIN
Presentation of the case study
Score of dysfunction indicators
Dysfunction quantification versus expert opinion
FIXING THRESHOLDS: MINIMIZING A COST FUNCTION
Application on the studied population (experts’ opinion are unknown)
Calibration sample (expert’s opinions are known)
Example: influence of false positive and false negative costs
Economic rehabilitation of sewer systems by ground penetration radar investigations
Studies on the origin of bedding defects in sewer systems
Detection of cavities in the surrounding area of buried sewers by means of GPR
Measuring principle of GPR
Measuring system for the application out of the sewer pipe
Investigations in municipalities
Measurements on the experimental field
Measurements in the municipalities
DATA MANAGEMENT AND VISUALIZATION
3-dimensional visualization
2-dimensional visualization
1-dimensional visualization
COSTS OF THE GPR INVESTIGATION
Objective condition assessment of sewer systems
Sources of error in condition assessment with TV cameras
(ii) Data access and pre-processing
(iii) Classification system
Strategic Asset Management of Water Supply and Wastewater Infrastructures
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