The Competitiveness of Tropical Agriculture ：A Guide to Competitive Potential with Case Studies

Publication subTitle ：A Guide to Competitive Potential with Case Studies

Author： Norton   Roger D.  

Publisher： Elsevier Science‎

Publication year： 2016

E-ISBN: 9780128092224

P-ISBN(Paperback): 9780128053126

Subject： S59 tropical and subtropical crops

Keyword： 园艺,一般性理论,农业经济

Language： ENG

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Description

The Competitiveness of Tropical Agriculture: A Guide to Competitive Potential with Case Studies describes and synthesizes existing methodologies for evaluating competitiveness in agriculture, introduces extensions and refinements, and provides a novel approach based on a combination of quantitative and qualitative methodologies.

As exports of tropical fruit, nuts, and other high-value crops have been growing very rapidly from developing countries, but often encounter serious obstacles in their value chains, this book demonstrates how national agricultural policy is oftentimes not guided by considerations of inherent competitiveness.

In addition, the book presents case studies that illustrate the application of these approaches using quantitative frameworks. A concluding chapter introduces policy considerations for competitiveness from work in Jordan, Colombia, Estonia, Peru, and elsewhere, also discussing the role of specific policies in raising competitiveness sustainably and its role in reducing rural poverty.

  • Presents evaluations of 105 agricultural products, including crops, livestock outputs, aquaculture products, and forestry products
  • Explores insights not found in other competitiveness studies, including spatial variation within a country for the same crop, relation to the use of skilled labor, and above all, the role of value chain issues in determining competitiveness
  • Includes analysis of results, such as assessing s

Chapter

Front Cover

The Competitiveness of Tropical Agriculture

The Competitiveness ofTropical Agriculture: A Guide to Competitive Potentialwith Case Studies

Copyright

Contents

Preface

I - Concepts, Issues, and Policy

1 - The Context and Scope of the Book

1.1 THE CONTEXT OF AGRICULTURAL COMPETITIVENESS

1.2 THE SCOPE OF THIS BOOK

ENDNOTES

2 - Introduction

2.1 COMPETITIVENESS CONCEPTS

2.2 COMPETITIVENESS VERSUS COMPARATIVE ADVANTAGE

2.3 NATIONAL FACTORS INFLUENCING AGRICULTURAL COMPETITIVENESS

2.4 ISSUES IN EVALUATING COMPETITIVENESS

2.4.1 Reliance on Costs and Prices

2.4.2 Use of Producer Subsidy Equivalents as Indicators of Competitiveness

2.4.3 Spatial Variations of Competitiveness Within a Country

2.4.4 Competitiveness, Comparative Advantage and Shadow Pricing

2.4.5 Annual Crops vs. Perennial Crops and Livestock

2.4.6 Data on Farm Production Costs and Transportation Margins

2.4.7 Determinants of Quality

II - Methodologies for Evaluating Competitiveness

3 - International Trade and Prices as Measures of Competitiveness

ENDNOTES

4 - Price–Quality Tradeoffs and Multitrack Evaluations of Competitiveness

ENDNOTE

5 - Track 1 Methodology: Cost-Price Measures of Competitiveness

5.1 IMPORTED VERSUS DOMESTIC COSTS

5.2 COMPARATIVE ADVANTAGE AND LONG-RUN COMPETITIVENESS

5.3 FURTHER CONSIDERATIONS REGARDING LONG-RUN PRICES

5.4 COST ESTIMATES: THE TERRITORIAL DIMENSION AND FARM BUDGETS

5.5 THE MULTIYEAR CRITERION FOR COST COMPETITIVENESS

5.6 LIMITATIONS AND INTERPRETATIONS OF THE LONG-RUN COMPETITIVENESS MEASURE

ENDNOTE

6 - Track 2 Methodology: Value Chains and Quality Criteria

6.1 THE NATURE OF VALUE CHAINS

6.2 BUYER–SELLER LINKAGES AND VALUE CHAIN GOVERNANCE

6.3 VALUE CHAINS AND INNOVATION

6.4 THE QUALITY DIMENSION OF COMPETITIVENESS

III - Case Studies in the Competitiveness of Tropical Agriculture

7 - Colombia: A Strategic Assessment of National Crop Competitiveness∗

7.1 SCOPE AND METHODOLOGY OF THE STUDY

7.2 GRAINS AND OILSEEDS

7.3 FRUIT AND VEGETABLES

7.4 COFFEE, SUGAR, OIL PALM, AND CACAO

7.5 TUBERS, TOBACCO, AND COTTON

7.6 LIVESTOCK PRODUCTS

7.7 FORESTRY

7.8 EXPORTS, COMPETITIVENESS, AND RISK

7.9 POLICY IMPLICATIONS OF COMPETITIVENESS FINDINGS IN COLOMBIA

7.9.1 Overall Findings

7.9.2 Sector-Wide Effects of Policy Shifts Toward Competitive Products

7.9.3 Export and Pricing Policies

7.9.4 Agricultural Fiscal Policy for Competitiveness and Inclusiveness

7.9.5 Agricultural Research Policy for Competitiveness

ENDNOTES

8 - Rwanda: Competitiveness by Quality Criteria, Track 2

8.1 INTRODUCTION

8.2 THE CONTEXT: DOMESTIC DEMAND FOR HIGH-VALUE CROPS

8.3 REGIONAL TRADE AND PRICE CRITERIA FOR COMPETITIVENESS

8.4 QUALITY, THE PROCESSING INDUSTRY AND INFRASTRUCTURE

8.5 VARIETAL DEVELOPMENT AND VALUE CHAIN ALLIANCES

8.6 ASSESSMENTS OF VALUE CHAIN ISSUES IN RWANDA

8.6.1 Tea

The Field Findings

Application of Value Chain Filters

The Value Chain Quality Assessment Matrix for Rwandan Tea

8.6.2 Coffee

The Field Findings

Application of Value Chain Filters

The VQA Matrix for Rwandan Coffee

8.6.3 The Banana Family

The Field Findings

Application of Value Chain Filters

The Value Chain Quality Assessment Matrix for Rwandan Bananas

8.6.4 Avocado

The Field Findings

Application of Value Chain Filters

The Value Chain Quality Assessment Matrix for Rwandan Avocado

8.6.5 Pineapple

The Field Findings

Application of Value Chain Filters

The Value Chain Quality Assessment Matrix for Rwandan Pineapple

8.6.6 Passion Fruit

The Field Findings

Application of Value Chain Filters

The Value Chain Quality Assessment Matrix for Rwandan Passion Fruit

8.6.7 Tree Tomato

The Field Findings

Application of Value Chain Filters

The Value Chain Quality Assessment Matrix for Rwandan Tree Tomato

8.6.8 Tomato

The Field Findings

Application of Value Chain Filters

The Value Chain Quality Assessment Matrix for Rwandan Tomato

8.6.9 French Beans and Peas

The Field Findings

Application of Value Chain Filters

The Value Chain Quality Assessment Matrix for Rwandan French Beans and Peas

8.6.10 Chili Peppers

The Field Findings

Application of Value Chain Filters

The Value Chain Quality Assessment Matrix for Rwandan Chili Peppers

8.6.11 Macadamia

The Field Findings

Application of Value Chain Filters

The Value Chain Quality Assessment Matrix for Rwandan Macadamia

8.6.12 Irish Potato

The Field Findings

Application of Value Chain Filters

The Value Chain Quality Assessment Matrix for Rwandan Irish Potato

8.7 RECOMMENDATIONS OF THE RWANDA STUDY

8.8 BROADER CONCLUSIONS FROM THE QUALITY ASSESSMENT MATRICES

ENDNOTES

9 - El Salvador: Crop Competitiveness and Factor Intensities

9.1 INTRODUCTION

9.2 NATIONAL FACTORS AFFECTING COMPETITIVENESS

9.3 TRACK 1 ASSESSMENTS OF CROP COMPETITIVENESS

9.3.1 Sources of Information

9.3.2 Long-Run Competitiveness Calculations for El Salvador

9.3.3 Additional Sensitivity Analyses

9.3.4 Factor Intensities of Crop Production

9.4 THE COMPETITIVENESS OF DAIRYING

9.4.1 The Role of Dairy Production in El Salvador

9.4.2 Production Parameters by Dairy System

9.4.3 Results of the Analysis

9.4.4 Toward the Future of Dairying in El Salvador

9.5 CONCLUDING COMMENTS

ENDNOTE

10 - Colombia: Crop Competitiveness by Region Evaluated via Tracks 1 and 2

10.1 PURPOSES OF THE STUDY

10.2 PREPARATORY STAGES FOR CROP ASSESSMENTS

10.3 COST-PRICE COMPETITIVENESS BY REGION IN COLOMBIA, TRACK 1

10.4 COMPETITIVENESS ASSESSMENTS FOR PROJECT DECISIONS

10.5 MULTIVARIATE SENSITIVITY ANALYSIS OF COMPETITIVENESS

10.6 COLOMBIAN VALUE CHAINS: VIEWS OF MARKETING INTERMEDIARIES

10.6.1 Value Chain Structures: an Overview

10.6.2 Export Marketing and Logistics

10.6.3 Vertical Coordination in Colombian Value Chains

10.6.4 Quality, Availability, and Cost of Inputs

10.6.5 Value Chain Roles in Projects

10.7 COLOMBIA: COMPETITIVENESS BY QUALITY CRITERIA, TRACK 2

10.7.1 Cacao

The Field Findings

The Crop and Its Markets

Problems: Genetic Material and Production Practices

Problems: Postharvest and Marketing

Avenues of Solution for Cacao

Application of Value Chain Filters

The Value Chain Quality Assessment Matrix for Colombian Cacao

10.7.2 Blackberries

The Field Findings

The Crop and Its Markets

Problems: Production Practices

Problems: Postharvest and Processing

Problems: Marketing

Avenues of Solution for Blackberries

Application of Value Chain Filters

The Value Chain Quality Assessment Matrix for Colombian Blackberries

10.7.3 Lulo (Naranjilla)

The Field Findings

The Crop and Its Markets

Problems: Genetic Material and Production Practices

Problems: Postharvest and Processing

Problems: Marketing

Avenues of Solution for Lulo

Application of Value Chain Filters

The Value Chain Quality Assessment Matrix for Colombian Lulo

10.7.4 Mango

The Field Findings

The Crop and Its Markets

Problems: Genetic Material and Production Practices11

Problems: Postharvest and Processing

Problems: Marketing

Avenues of Solution for Mango

Application of Value Chain Filters

The Value Chain Quality Assessment Matrix for Colombian Mango for High-Value Markets

10.7.5 Rubber

The Field Findings

The Crop and Its Markets

Problems: Genetic Material and Production Practices

Problems: PostHarvest and Processing

Problems: Marketing

Avenues of Solution for Rubber

Application of Value Chain Filters

The Value Chain Quality Assessment Matrix for Colombian Rubber

10.7.6 Plantains

The Field Findings

The Crop and Its Markets

Problems: Genetic Material and Production Practices

Problems: Postharvest and Processing

Problems: Marketing

Avenues of Solution for Plantains

Application of Value Chain Filters

The Value Chain Quality Assessment Matrix for Plantains

ENDNOTES

IV - Concluding Remarks

11 - Assessing Agricultural Competitiveness and Its Determinants

12 - Competitiveness in a Development Perspective

ENDNOTES

References

Index

A

B

C

D

E

F

G

H

I

K

L

M

N

O

P

Q

R

S

T

U

V

W

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