Chapter
2. Overview of Parasites and Network Analyses
2.1. The Diversity of Parasite Strategies
2.2. Network Analysis as a Tool for Ecological Parasitologists
3. Infectious Food Webs: Including Parasites in Trophic Networks
3.1. From Bipartite Interaction Networks to Whole Food Webs
3.2. Impact of Parasite Inclusion on Network Metrics and Properties
4. Parasites as Alien Species
4.1. The Establishment of Introduced Parasites
4.2. Enemy Release: How Many Parasites From How Many Hosts?
4.3. Enemy Release: A Case Study With Invasive Cichlid Fish
5. How Exotic Parasites Alter Networks: Parasite-Host Interactions and Consequences
5.2. Parasite Acquisition and Spill-Back Processes
5.3. Parasite Life Cycles and the Trophic Vacuum
5.4. Parasite Impacts on Hosts: Manipulative and Nonmanipulative Alterations
5.5. Parasite-Mediated Competition and Coexistence
6. Integrating Biological Invasions Into Infectious Food Webs
6.1. Linking Network Structure and Invasibility by Parasites
6.2. Impact of Exotic Parasites on Food-Web Structure
6.3. How Invader-Induced Changes in Network Structure Affect Parasites
7. Qualitative vs Quantitative Approaches
8. Conclusions and Forward Look
Appendix. Data for the Case Study of Enemy Release in Invasive Cichlid Fish
Chapter Two: Novel and Disrupted Trophic Links Following Invasion in Freshwater Ecosystems
2. What Are the Impacts of Invasive Species on Trophic Links in Freshwater Ecosystems?
2.1. Direct and Indirect Effects From the Bottom-Up
2.2. Invading the Middle of the Food Chain
2.3. Direct and Indirect Effects From the Top-Down
2.5. Indirect Nontrophic Effects
3. What Influences the Impacts of Invaders on Freshwater Food Webs?
3.1. Autoecological Traits
3.3. Synecological Traits
4. What Are the Available Methods to Quantify the Impacts of Invaders on Trophic Links?
4.1. Functional Responses
4.2. Microcosms and Mesocosms
4.3. Direct Observations of Diet
4.7. Modelling Approaches
4.8. Combining Multiple Methods
5. Conclusions and Implications
Chapter Three: Importance of Microorganisms to Macroorganisms Invasions: Is the Essential Invisible to the Eye? (The Litt ...
2. Impact of Microorganism Losses on Biological Invasions
2.1. The Enemy Release Hypothesis
2.1.1. Is There Any Loss of Pathogenic Microorganisms by Invasive Species?
2.1.2. Is There Any Effect of Pathogenic Microorganism Loss on Introduced Hosts?
2.1.3. Other Invasion Hypotheses Linked With Enemy Release
2.2. Changes in Mutualist Assemblages
3. Effects of Microorganisms Hosted by the Alien Species
3.2. Vertically Inherited Symbionts
3.3. Horizontally Inherited Symbionts
3.4. The Role of Immunity
4. Effects of Microorganisms Hosted by Native Species
4.2. Invasive Species Interactions With Beneficial Native Symbionts
5. Anthropic Use of Microorganisms
5.1. As Tools to Retrace Invasion Histories
5.2. As Tools to Manage Invasive Species
Chapter Four: Massively Introduced Managed Species and Their Consequences for Plant-Pollinator Interactions
2. First Part: Impacts of MIMS in Plant and Pollinator Communities
2.1. The Case of Pollinators
2.1.1.2. The Honeybee, A. mellifera
2.1.1.3. The Large Earth Bumblebee, B. terrestris
2.1.2. Direct Interactions Between MIMS and Wild Pollinators
2.1.2.1. Interference Competition
2.1.2.2. Facilitation Through Inadvertent Social Information
2.1.3. Indirect Interactions Between MIMS and Wild Pollinators
2.1.3.1. Exploitative Competition: Competition for Floral Resources
2.1.3.2. Exploitative Competition: Competition for Nesting Opportunities
2.1.3.3. Apparent Competition: Spillover of Shared Parasites and Pathogens
2.1.3.4. Apparent Competition: Spillover of Shared Predators
2.1.3.5. Facilitation: Spillover of Shared Plant Resources
2.2.1. Direct Interaction Between MIMS and Natural Plant Communities: Allelopathy
2.2.2. Indirect Interactions Between MIMS and Wild Plants
2.2.2.1. Facilitation: Spillover of Shared Pollinators
2.2.2.2. Exploitation Competition: Dilution of Shared Pollinators
2.2.2.3. Apparent Competition: Spillover of Shared Herbivores or Pathogens
2.3. MIMS as Competitors or Facilitators-Consequences for Communities
3. Second Part: MIMS in Plant-Pollinator Networks
3.1. Impacts of MIMS on the Structure of Plant-Pollinator Networks
3.1.1. The Case of Pollinators
3.1.2. The Case of Plants
3.2. Case Studies of the Position of MIMS in Pollination Webs
3.2.1. A. mellifera in Plant-Pollinator Networks
3.2.2. MFC in Plant-Pollinator Networks
3.3. MIMS in Plant-Pollinator Networks: Consequences for Community Dynamics
Chapter Five: Invasions of Host-Associated Microbiome Networks
2. Ecological and Evolutionary Concepts Applied to Microbiome Networks: In the Face of Invaders
2.1. Invasion and Ecological Stability
2.2. Insights From Empirical Invasion Ecology
2.3. Competitive Interactions and Invasions
2.4. Evolution of Cooperation and Mutualism
2.4.1. Interactions Within Microbial Species
2.4.2. Interactions Between Microbial Species
2.4.3. Interaction Between Host and Microbes
3. Quantifying Invasions of the Microbiome: Data, Modelling and Theory
3.1. Quantitative Formulation of a Microbiome
3.2. Measuring the Microbiome
3.3. Inferring the Interaction Network
3.4. Theoretical Microbiome Invasion Dynamics
4. Unique Features of WH Communities
4.1.1. Host Barriers and the Innate Immune Response
4.1.2. Rapidly Evolving Predation
4.1.3. Immunity Controls Community Composition and Dynamics
4.2. Resident Species Actively Prevent Invasions
4.3. Fatally Virulent Invaders
5. Experimental Tests of Microbiome Invasibility
6.1. Single and Polymicrobial Invasions
7. Actively Acquired Invasions
7.1. Bacteriophage Therapies
7.2. Probiotics and Food-Borne Invaders
7.4. A Note on Nonliving Perturbations
8. Perspectives and Conclusions
Advances in Ecological Research Volume 1-57
Cumulative List of Titles
Networks of Invasion: Empirical Evidence and Case Studies
( Volume 57 )
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