Chapter
1.3. Bridge Classification
1.3.1. Bridge Classification by Materials of Construction
1.3.2. Bridge Classification by Span Length
1.3.3. Bridge Classification by Position-Moveable Bridges
1.3.4. Bridge Classification by Interspan Relation
1.3.4.1. Simply Supported Bridges
1.3.4.2. Continuous Bridges
1.3.4.3. Cantilever Bridges
1.3.5. Bridge Classification by Deck Location
1.3.6. Bridge Classification by Geometric Shape
1.3.6.1. Straight Bridges
1.3.7. Bridge Classification by Usage
1.3.8. Bridge Classification by Structural Form
1.3.8.2. Rigid-Frame Bridges
1.3.8.5. Cable-Stayed Bridges
1.3.8.6. Suspension Bridges
1.4. Selection of Bridge Types
Chapter Two: Bridge Planning and Design
2.2. Bridge Design Philosophy
2.4. Bridge Planning and Geometric Design
2.4.2. Longitudinal Elevation
2.4.3. Transverse Cross Section
2.5. Bridge Design Methods
2.5.1. Allowable Stress Design
2.5.2. Load Factor Design
2.5.3. Load and Resistance Factor Design
2.6. Earthquake- and Wind-Resistant Designs
2.6.1. Earthquake Resistant Design
2.6.2. Wind-Resistant Design
2.7. Bridge Design Specifications
2.7.1. Bridge Specifications in the United States
2.7.2. Bridge Specifications in Japan
2.7.3. Bridge Specifications in United Kingdom
2.7.4. Bridge Specifications in EU
2.7.5. Bridge Specifications in China
2.8. Structural Design and Design Drawings
2.9. Bridge Esthetic Design and a Case Study
2.9.2. Case Study of Esthetic Design Proposal of a Footbridge
Chapter Three: Materials for Bridge Constructions
3.6. New Composite Materials
3.7. Case Study-A Famous Timber Bridge in Japan and Its Assessment
Chapter Four: Loads and Load Distribution
4.3.1. Live Load in US Specification
4.3.2. Live Load in Japanese Specification
4.3.3. Live Load in British Specification
4.3.4. Live Load in European Specification
4.3.5. Live Load in Chinese Specification
4.10. Creep and Shrinkage of Concrete
4.11. Combination of Loads for Bridge Design
Chapter Five: Bridge Deck Systems
5.2. Layout of the Deck Surface
5.2.1. Undivided Carriageway
5.2.2. Divided Carriageway
5.2.3. Double-Decked Bridges
5.3.1. Functions and Requirement of Bridge Pavement
5.3.2. Classifications of Bridge Pavement
5.5. Waterproofing System
5.6. Bridge Expansion Joint
5.6.1. Functions of Expansion Joint
5.6.2. Dynamic Behavior of Bridge Expansion Joints
5.7. Unseating Prevention System
5.7.2. Unseating Prevention Structure
Chapter Six: Reinforced and Prestressed Concrete Bridges
6.3. Reinforced Concrete Bridges
6.3.1.3. Box-Girder Bridge
6.3.2. Supporting Conditions
6.3.2.1. Simply Supported Bridges
6.3.2.2. Continuous Bridges
6.3.2.3. Cantilever Bridges
6.3.3. Construction Method
6.3.3.2. Precast Concrete Bridge
6.3.3.3. Combination of Cast-in-Place and Precast
6.4. Prestressed Concrete Bridges
6.4.1. Prestressing Systems
6.4.2. Pretensioned and Posttensioned Concrete
6.4.2.1. Pretensioned Concrete
6.4.2.2. Posttensioned Concrete
6.4.3. External Prestressing
6.4.4. Losses of Prestress
6.4.5. Construction Method
Chapter Seven: Steel Bridges
7.3. Steel-Concrete Composite Bridges
7.3.1. General of Steel-Concrete Composite Girders
7.3.2. Shear Connection Devices
7.3.2.2. Classification of Shear Connectors
7.3.2.3. Tests on Shear Connectors
7.3.2.4. Design of Shear Connectors
7.3.3. Continuous Composite Beams
7.3.3.2. Improvement of Composite Section Subjected to Negative Moment
7.4. Case Study—A Research on Steel—Concrete Composite Beams Subjected to Hogging Moment
7.4.1. Experimental Program
7.4.3. Instrumentation and Testing Procedure
7.4.3.1. Static Loading Test
7.4.3.2. Fatigue Loading Test
7.4.4. Experimental Results and Main Findings
7.4.4.1. Effect of Shear Connectors
7.4.4.3. Effects of Repeated Load
7.4.4.4. Effects of Rubber-Latex Mortar Coating
Chapter Eight: Truss Bridges
8.2. Truss Bridge Terminology
8.2.1. Joints or Connections
8.3.1. According to Structural Systems
8.3.2. According to Deck Locations
8.4. The Design of Truss Bridges
8.4.2. Height (or Depth) of the Truss
8.4.4. Design of Truss Members
8.5. Case Study—Tokyo Gate Bridge
Chapter Nine: Arch Bridges
9.3. Arch Bridge Classification
9.3.1. According to Construction Materials
9.3.2. According to Deck Locations
9.3.3. According to Structural Systems
9.4. Erection of Arch Bridges
9.4.1. Arch Construction With Falsework
9.4.2. Arch Construction Without Falsework
9.4.2.1. Free Cantilevers Construction
9.4.2.2. Cantilever Tieback Construction
9.4.2.3. Off-Site Construction
9.4.2.4. Rotation of the Semiarches
9.5. Case Study: Preservation of Masonry Arch Bridges
Chapter Ten: Cable-Stayed Bridges
10.2. Cable-Stayed Bridge Classification
10.2.1. Stay Cable Arrangements
10.2.1.1. Mono Cable System
10.2.1.2. Fan Cable System
10.2.1.3. Modified Fan Cable System
10.2.1.4. Harp Cable System
10.2.2. Lateral Cable Arrangements
10.2.3. Number of Spans (Or Towers)
10.4. Analysis of Cable-Stayed Bridges
10.5. Construction of Cable-Stayed Bridges
10.5.1. Erection With Temporary Supports
10.5.2. Free Cantilever Method
Chapter Eleven: Suspension Bridges
11.2. Structural Components
11.3. Suspension Bridge Classification
11.3.1. According to Span Numbers
11.3.2. According to Stiffening Girders
11.3.3. According to Suspenders
11.3.4. According to Anchoring Conditions
11.4.3. Stiffening Girders
11.5. Analysis of Suspension Bridges
11.5.1. Sag and Sag Ratio
11.5.2. Analytical Methods for Suspension Bridges
11.6. Suspension Bridge Construction
Chapter Twelve: Bridge Bearings and Substructures
12.2.1. Bridge Bearing Classification According to Degrees of Freedom
12.2.2. Bridge Bearing Classification According to Materials
12.2.3. Bearing Design Considerations
12.5.2. Foundation Types and Capacity
Chapter Thirteen: Inspection, Monitoring, and Assessment
13.2.1. Objectives of Inspection
13.2.2. Fundamentals of Inspection
13.2.3. Basic Methods of Inspections
13.2.4. Types of Bridge Inspections
13.3.1. Objectives of Monitoring
13.3.2. Fundamentals of Monitoring
13.3.3. Database Research
13.4. Structural Assessment
13.4.1. Objectives of Assessment
13.4.2. Structural Assessment
Case Study: Railway Bridge Monitoring Using Fiber-Optic Sensors
Sample Monitoring Results
Chapter Fourteen: Repair, Strengthening, and Replacement
14.2. Repair and Strengthening of Concrete Bridges
14.2.1. Repair of Concrete Structures
14.2.2. Strengthening of Concrete Structures
14.2.2.1. Traditional Methods
14.2.2.2. External Prestressing Method
14.2.2.3. Steel Plate (or FRP Sheet) Bonding
14.3. Repair and Strengthening of Steel Bridges
14.3.1. Damages in Steel Bridges
14.3.1.3. Large Deformation
14.3.1.4. Relaxation and Drop Off of High Strength Bolt
14.3.2. Repair of Steel Structures
14.3.2.1. Repair of Cracking
14.3.2.2. Adding Doubler Plates
14.3.2.3. Prestressing Method
14.3.2.4. Member Replacement
14.3.3. Strengthening of Steel Structures
14.5. Case Study: A Strengthening Method for Railways Bridges in Japan
14.5.1. Strengthening Method Description
14.5.2. Application in Strengthening Short-Span Aged Railway Superstructures
14.5.3. Application in Strengthening Short-Span Aged Railway Superstructures
Bridge Engineering
：Classifications, Design Loading, and Analysis Methods
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