Description
Residual stresses are an important subject in materials science and engineering that has implications across disciplines, from quantum dots to human teeth, from aeroengines to automotive surface finishing. Although a number of monographs exist, no resource is available in the form of a book to serve as a good basis for teaching the fundamentals.
A Teaching Essay on Residual Stresses and Eigenstrains introduces eigenstrain methods as a powerful unified approach to residual stress modeling, measurement, and management. Starting with simple residual stress states, the key relationships are elucidated between deformation processes, inelastic strains (eigenstrains) these may introduce, and the resulting residual stress states. This book is written not only for the materials scientist, mechanical engineer, and student seeking to appreciate the origins of residual stress, but also for the more mature researcher and industrial engineer looking to improve their understanding of the eigenstrain approach to describing residual stress.
- Provides a unified basis for understanding the fundamentals of residual stress origins and consequences
- Introduces a classification of the most important residual stress states and their efficient description, as well as discussing measurement approaches, their limitations, and uses
- Approaches the nature and application of eigenstrain methods in a systematic way to describe residual stress fields
Chapter
1 - Introduction and Outline
2 - Elastic and Inelastic Deformation and Residual Stress
2.1 DEFORMATION AND STRAIN
2.3 EQUATIONS OF EQUILIBRIUM
2.4 FORMULATION AND SOLUTION OF PROBLEMS IN CONTINUUM MECHANICS
2.5 STRAIN ENERGY DENSITY
2.11 PLANE STRESS AND PLANE STRAIN
2.12 FUNDAMENTAL RESIDUAL STRESS SOLUTIONS AND THE NUCLEI OF STRAIN
2.13 THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN RESIDUAL STRESSES AND EIGENSTRAINS
3 - Simple Residual Stress Systems
3.1 ADDITIVITY OF TOTAL STRAIN
3.2 CONSTRAINED ELASTIC–PLASTIC BAR LOADED AT A POINT ALONG ITS LENGTH
3.3 ELASTOPLASTIC COMPOSITES: UNIFORM STRESS (REUSS) AND STRAIN (VOIGT)
3.4 ON THE COMPOSITE MECHANICS OF POLYCRYSTALS
3.5 THE RAMBERG–OSGOOD STRESS–STRAIN RELATIONSHIP
4 - Inelastic Bending of Beams
4.1 SLENDER RODS: COLUMNS, BEAMS, AND SHAFTS. SAINT-VENANT'S PRINCIPLE
4.2 INELASTIC BEAM BENDING
4.3 DIRECT PROBLEM: RESIDUAL STRESS IN A PLASTICALLY BENT BEAM
4.4 CASE: RESIDUAL STRESSES DUE TO SURFACE TREATMENT
4.5 CASE: RESIDUAL STRESSES IN COATINGS AND THIN LAYERS
5 - Plastic Yielding of Cylinders
5.1 INELASTIC EXPANSION OF A THICK-WALLED TUBE
5.2 CASE: AUTOFRETTAGED TUBES AND COLD-EXPANDED HOLES
5.3 CASE: QUENCHING OF A SOLID CYLINDER
6 - The Eigenstrain Theory of Residual Stress
6.2 THE EIGENSTRAIN CYLINDER
6.3 THE EIGENSTRAIN SPHERE
6.4 ESHELBY ELLIPSOIDAL INCLUSIONS
7.2 SCREW DISLOCATION: ANTIPLANE SHEAR SOLUTION
7.3 EDGE DISLOCATION: PLANE STRAIN SOLUTION
7.4 DISLOCATION PHENOMENOLOGY: FORCES, DIPOLES, INITIATION, AND ANNIHILATION
7.5 THE DYNAMICS OF DISLOCATION MOTION
7.6 DISLOCATION DYNAMICS EXAMPLES
8 - Residual Stress “Measurement”
8.2 LAYER REMOVAL AND CURVATURE MEASUREMENT
8.6 METHOD OVERVIEW AND SELECTION
9 - Microscale Methods of Residual Stress Evaluation
9.1 PECULIARITIES OF RESIDUAL STRESS EVALUATION AT THE MICROSCALE
9.2 MICROFOCUS X-RAY DIFFRACTION METHODS
9.3 ELECTRON DIFFRACTION METHODS
9.4 SPECTROSCOPIC METHODS
9.5 INTRODUCTION TO FIB-DIC MICROSCALE RESIDUAL STRESS ANALYSIS AND ERROR ESTIMATION
9.6 FIB-DIC MILLING GEOMETRIES
9.6.3 Microscale Ring-Core Milling
9.7 ERROR ESTIMATION AND PROPAGATION IN FIB-DIC RESIDUAL STRESS ANALYSIS
9.7.1 DIC Error Estimation
9.7.2 DIC Outlier Removal
9.7.3 Strain Error Estimation
9.7.4 Relief Profile Fitting
9.7.5 Calculation of Residual Stress
9.7.6 Summary of FIB-DIC Residual Stress Error Estimation
9.8 CASE: SEQUENTIAL MILLING FIB-DIC MICRO-RING-CORE RESIDUAL STRESS ANALYSIS IN A SHOT-PEENED NI-SUPERALLOY AEROENGINE TURBINE ...
9.9 PARALLEL MILLING FIB-DIC RESIDUAL STRESS ANALYSIS
9.10 CASE: STRESS ANALYSIS IN A CARBON CORE OF A SIC FIBER
9.10.1 Sample Preparation
9.10.2 X-ray Powder Diffraction Experimental Procedure
9.10.3 The Parallel FIB-DIC Approach
9.10.4 Experimental Results
10 - The Inverse Eigenstrain Method of Residual Stress Reconstruction
10.1 FUNDAMENTALS OF INVERSE EIGENSTRAIN ANALYSIS
10.2 INVERSE EIGENSTRAIN ANALYSIS OF AN INELASTICALLY BENT BEAM
10.3 INVERSE EIGENSTRAIN ANALYSIS OF WELDS
10.4 INVERSE EIGENSTRAIN ANALYSIS OF LASER SHOCK-PEENED SAMPLES
10.5 STRAIN TOMOGRAPHY AND RELATED PROBLEMS
11 - Eigenstrain Methods in Structural Integrity Analysis
11.1 EIGENSTRAIN ANALYSIS IN TRIBOLOGY
11.2 EIGENSTRAIN ANALYSIS IN FRACTURE MECHANICS
12 - Conclusions and Outlook
A Teaching Essay on Residual Stresses and Eigenstrains
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