Author： Dibrov I. A. Chirkst D. E. Chaliyan K. N.
Publisher： Taylor & Francis Ltd
ISSN： 0959-3330
Source： Environmental Technology, Vol.20, Iss.6, 1999-06, pp. : 575-585
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Abstract
The leaching of 137Cs and 90Sr radionuclides contaminated soils by solutions of FeCl3 and NH4Cl in batch (static), column (continuous-flow) and field (Chernobyl region) experiments is investigated. The eluent solution is a 1:1 mixture of 0.01–0.02 mol l−1 FeCl3 and NH4Cl. The equilibrium distribution coefficients of 137Cs and Fe3+ between a Chernobyl sandy loam sample and the eluent are determined to be 25 and 3800, respectively. The first order rate constants of ion exchange reactions for the 0.01M eluent were 10−6 s−1 for 137Cs and 10−4 s−1 for 90Sr. In the Chernobyl region, a 10×10m plot with radioactivity up to 2000 Mbq km−2 (50 Ci km−2) was selected for decontamination by an ‘in situ’ leaching technology developed within the plot. For example, the leaching time to 30–40% residue radioactivity to a depth of at least 0.5 m is 15 days; in addition, the consumption of the eluent is 3–4 m3 m−2 for 137Cs and 1.5–2 m3 m−2 for 90Sr, at a flux of 8–10 l h−1 m−2.
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