Author: Fan X. Burton R. Austic G.
Publisher: Taylor & Francis Ltd
ISSN: 1556-7036
Source: Energy Sources, Part A: Recovery, Utilization, and Environmental Effects, Vol.35, Iss.18, 2013-09, pp. : 1779-1786
Disclaimer: Any content in publications that violate the sovereignty, the constitution or regulations of the PRC is not accepted or approved by CNPIEC.
Abstract
Brown grease was used in this study on the conversion to biodiesel fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) by a two-stage reaction comprising esterification and transesterification using Novozym 435 in a solvent-free medium. The effects of methanol amounts and enzyme concentration on the first-stage reaction, and the operational stability of Novozym 435 in the two-stage reaction were investigated. The addition of biodiesel into the reaction system prior to two-stage reaction prevented the lipase from deactivation caused by excess amounts of methanol. Contents of >95 wt% FAME could be achieved even after 15 cycle reactions.
Related content
By Appetecchi G.B. Hassoun J. Scrosati B. Croce F. Cassel F. Salomon M.
Journal of Power Sources, Vol. 124, Iss. 1, 2003-10 ,pp. :
Thermochemical Conversion of Biomass to Liquid Products in the Aqueous Medium
Energy Sources, Vol. 27, Iss. 13, 2005-10 ,pp. :