Author： GRIMBLE DAVID G. KNIGHT FRED B.
Publisher： Entomological Society of America
ISSN： 1938-2901
Source： Annals of the Entomological Society of America, Vol.64, Iss.6, 1971-11, pp. : 1417-1420
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Abstract
The poplar branch borer, Oberea schaumii LeConte, was studied over a 5-year period in northern Michigan stands of trembling aspen, Populus tremuloides Michx. Objectives of the study were to describe the mortality and survival of natural populations of O. schaumii and to identify and assess the importance of causes for mortality. O. schaumii generally has a 3-year life cycle in northern Michigan, though some adults mature in 2 years and a significant proportion require 4 years. Most egg niches fail during the 1st year after oviposition because of egg inviability, parasitism, and desiccation. Parasites of these early larval stages were identified as Iphiaulax eurygaster (Brulle) (Braconidae). After the 1st year, the parasites Cenococlius sanguineiventris (Ashmead) (Braconidae) and Cremastus nordi Townes (Ichneumonidae) combined with woodpecker predation to make the last larval and pupal stages most hazardous to maturing larvae.
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