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HMX Polymorphs: Gamma to Beta Phase Transformation

Author: Soni Pramod   Sarkar C.   Tewari R.   Sharma T. D.  

Publisher: Taylor & Francis Ltd

ISSN: 0737-0652

Source: Journal of Energetic Materials, Vol.29, Iss.3, 2011-07, pp. : 261-279

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Abstract

The process of conversion of a gamma (γ) polymorph of octahydro-1,3,5,7-tetranitro-1,3,5,7-tetrazocine (HMX) to a beta (β) polymorph is a challenging one. In order to obtain beta HMX from gamma HMX, a novel and economical method, using hot water, has been developed. The characterization of beta HMX using thermo-gravimetric and differential thermal analysis, high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, and impact sensitivity has been carried out toward its use for various military applications including advanced propellant formulation.