Radiosensitization of Mammalian Cells by p-nitroacetophenone

ISSN： 1362-3095

Source： International Journal of Radiation Biology, Vol.19, Iss.6, 1971-01, pp. : 561-573

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Abstract

The effectiveness of p-nitroacetophenone (PNAP) as a sensitizing agent to x-rays has been measured in asynchronous and synchronous populations of Chinese hamster cells. PNAP was found to sensitize hypoxic cells selectively (those equilibrated with an environment of 96 per cent N₂ + 4 per cent CO₂ containing less than 2 p.p.m. O₂) with a maximum dose-modifying factor (DMF) of ∼ 1·50 at concentrations of 400 μM and greater in complete medium. In a parallel radiation scheme, the DMF for cells saturated with air was consistently between 2·75 and 3·05. In synchronously-growing Chinese hamster cells, the cyclic variation in surviving fraction measured for cells in air experiencing a radiation dose of 1055 rads could be reproduced for cells irradiated in hypoxic conditions with 2840 rads. We conclude that O₂ sensitizes Chinese hamster cells in a dose-modifying fashion, irrespective of position in the cell-cycle. Hypoxic synchronized cells irradiated in the presence of PNAP with 1980 rads are also sensitized in all phases of the cell-cycle, PNAP being slightly more effective for S-phase cells. This differential sensitization is expressed by a two-fold reduction of the cyclic variation in cell sensitivity compared with that of cells irradiated in air or N₂.The sensitizing ability of 500 μM PNAP was also determined for air-saturated and hypoxic mouse L-cells, and a selective hypoxic sensitization of ∼ 40 per cent of that of oxygen was measured.

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