Author： Zwack Bridget M. Rafferty Robert J. Moonan Janet S.
Publisher： Water Environment Federation
ISSN： 1938-6478
Source： Proceedings of the Water Environment Federation, Vol.2009, Iss.17, 2009-01, pp. : 370-387
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Abstract
The Town of Billerica, Massachusetts received its draft National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (NPDES) wastewater discharge permit calling for a significant reduction in phosphorus from the local wastewater treatment facility to the Concord River. Facing an expensive wastewater treatment plant upgrade to reach the new limits, the Town identified additional avenues to reduce phosphorus loads to meet an expected Total Maximum Daily Load (TMDL) limit and minimize the cost of its upgrade.The Town evaluated total phosphorus loadings from sub-basins within the watershed. Findings indicated that treatment plant loads can be further reduced by implementing Industrial Pretreatment Program (IPP) limits. However, stormwater runoff contributes 95% of the non-point source problem. Two sub-basins within the watershed contribute approximately 20% of the total runoff load to the River. These were prioritized to assess structural and non-structural low-impact development (LID) best management strategies for phosphorus load reductions to meet the impending TMDL.
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