Dual Phases of Spontaneous Chiral Symmetry Breaking

Publisher： Elsevier

ISSN： 0003-4916

Source： Annals of Physics, Vol.250, Iss.1, 1996-08, pp. : 69-111

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Abstract

The phase structure of a relativistic massless quark system possessing chiral SU (2) L x SU (2) R and global color SU (3) c symmetry is studied by introducing a 4-fermion interaction model Lagrangian. The emphasis is put on a possible formation in such a system of a phase, which is called the beta -phase of the vacuum, induced by a diquark condensation. The physical properties of the beta -phase are studied. It includes the properties of quasi-particles, the Goldstone bosons, and the fermionic effects on the propagation of a photon when the system is in the beta -phase. Some techniques used in the study of the beta -phase are developed and discussed. It includes the use of an 8-component "real" representation for the Dirac spinor, diagrammatic expansion method in this representation, Ward-Takahashi identities, and a new way of introducing auxiliary fields. Some of the consequences are briefly mentioned.