Author： White L. A.
Publisher： Maney Publishing
ISSN： 1752-2706
Source： Survey Review, Vol.22, Iss.169, 1973-07, pp. : 115-124
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Abstract
Research has shown that electronic distance measurements made concurrently from a station are likely to suffer from common systematic scale effects. A general solution closely allied to traditional practice is developed for both the parametric and conditional adjustment problems. The shape and size of the network as well as the differential scale effects are determined. The parametric solution in particular, is almost identical to the usual variation of co-ordinates adjustment in common use. The article highlights the need for further research into the distribution of the scale factors on both a time and locality basis and shows that the absolute size of the network cannot be determined unless at least one external constraint operates upon the network.
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