title{Does it Pay to be Flexible?

Author: Aiginger Karl   Weiss Christoph R.  

Publisher: Springer Publishing Company

ISSN: 0889-938X

Source: Review of Industrial Organization, Vol.13, Iss.5, 1998-10, pp. : 543-556

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Abstract

This paper addresses the determinants of price-cost margins in U.S. 4-digit industries. Margins are larger in capital intensive and concentrated industries with high growth rates and R & D and advertising to sales ratios. They also fluctuate significantly over the business cycle. We go beyond the existing literature by considering an issue which is a dominant topic in the business literature, the flexibility of firms to adjust to exogenous shocks. In particular, we find a significant positive relationship between the flexibility of labour demand and price cost margins suggesting that it pays to be flexible.