Two independent photon pairs versus four-photon entangled states in parametric down conversion

Author： Marcikic Ivan   Acín Antonio   Tittel Wolfgang   Zbinden Hugo   Gisin Nicolas   Riedmatten Hugues de   Scarani Valerio  

Publisher： Taylor & Francis Ltd

ISSN： 1362-3044

Source： Journal of Modern Optics, Vol.51, Iss.11, 2004-07, pp. : 1637-1649

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Abstract

We study the physics of four-photon states generated in spontaneous parametric down-conversion with a pulsed pump field. In the limit where the coherence time of the photons is much shorter than the duration of the pump pulse Δt, the four photons can be described as two independent pairs. In the opposite limit, the four photons are in a four-particle entangled state. Any intermediate case can be characterized by a single parameter χ, which is a function of . We present a direct measurement of χ through a simple experimental set-up. The full theoretical analysis is also provided.

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