Modeling Perfusion Dynamics in the Skin During Iontophoresis of Vasoactive Drugs Using Single‐Pulse and Multiple‐Pulse Protocols

Publisher： John Wiley & Sons Inc

E-ISSN： 1549-8719|22|6|446-453

ISSN： 1073-9688

Source： MICROCIRCULATION (ELECTRONIC), Vol.22, Iss.6, 2015-08, pp. : 446-453

Disclaimer: Any content in publications that violate the sovereignty, the constitution or regulations of the PRC is not accepted or approved by CNPIEC.

Previous Menu Next

Abstract

AbstractObjectiveAfter iontophoresis of vasoactive drugs into the skin, a decrease in perfusion is commonly observed. We delivered vaso‐active drugs by iontophoresis using different delivery protocols to study how these affect this decrease in perfusion as measured using LDF.MethodsWe measured skin perfusion during iontophoresis of (ACh), MCh, and NA using a single pulse or separate pulses at different skin sites, and during repeated delivery of ACh at the same site.ResultsPerfusion half‐life was 6.1 (5.6–6.6) minutes for ACh and 41 (29–69) minutes for MCh (p < 0.001). The maximum response with multiple pulses of ACh iontophoresis was lower than with a single pulse, 30 (22–37) PU vs. 43 (36–50) PU, p < 0.001. Vasoconstriction to NA was more rapid with a single pulse than with multiple pulses. The perfusion half‐life of ACh decreased with repeated delivery of ACh at the same site—first 16 (14–18), second 5.9 (5.1–6–9) and third 3.2 (2.9–3.5) minutes, p < 0.001.ConclusionsThe drug delivery protocol affects microvascular responses to iontophoresis, possibly as a result of differences in the dynamics of local drug concentrations. Perfusion half‐life may be used as a measure to quantify the rate of perfusion recovery after iontophoresis of vasoactive drugs.