Author： Thomson S. Mahadevan L.C. Clayton A.L.
Publisher： Academic Press
ISSN： 1084-9521
Source： Seminars in Cell and Developmental Biology, Vol.10, Iss.2, 1999-04, pp. : 205-214
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Abstract
Extracellular signals are transduced into the nucleus through a variety of signalling mechanisms to elicit changes in patterns of gene expression. This review is focused in the MAP kinase cascades and the part they play in the induction of the immediate-early (IE) genes. We discuss the MAP kinases and their downstream effectors that are known to phosphorylate substrates in the nucleus. In addition to phosphorylating specific transcription factors, MAP kinases and their downstream kinases are inplicated in eliciting rapidly targeted alterations in the choromatin environment of specific genes by modulating the phosphorylation and/or acetylation of nucleosomal and chromatin proteins.
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