Transfusion-Associated Immunomodulation: Experimental Facts and Clinical Reality – New Perspectives

Publisher： Karger

E-ISSN： 1660-3818|33|4|324-329

ISSN： 1660-3796

Source： Transfusion Medicine and Hemotherapy, Vol.33, Iss.4, 2006-07, pp. : 324-329

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Abstract

Blood component transfusion may be required in associationwith emergency and chronic disease to improve hemodynamicsand tissue oxygenation. Due to the risk of microbialtransfection from donor to recipient, the blood is undergoingvigorous testing to improve safety. It is well known,however, that blood component transfusion may lead tocertain acute side effects with a frequency of 0.5-2% dependingon the specific component transfused. In addition,homologous blood component transfusion seems to be associatedwith increased frequency of bacterial infectiouscomplication after operation in a variety of diseases. If patientshave been operated on for malignant diseases,emerging evidence has accumulated that suggests a combinationof blood component transfusion, postoperative bacterialinfectious complications and subsequent poor longtermsurvival even in patients who have been curatively resected.The mechanisms leading to such side effects are notknown in detail, but bioactive substance accumulation duringpreparation and storage may play an important role.Such substances may also explain why side effects are alsoobserved after autologous blood transfusion. Institution ofuniversal leukofiltration in most European countries has ledto improvement in patient treatment, with reduction of a varietyof side effects. Future research should be focused onpatient genetic polymorphisms that may play a role in thedevelopment of side effects to blood component transfusion.