Publisher： Bentham Science Publishers
E-ISSN： 1873-4316|19|6|440-450
ISSN： 1389-2010
Source： Current Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Vol.19, Iss.6, 2018-05, pp. : 440-450
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Abstract
Objective: This review focuses on diagnostic biomarkers of epilepsy, including genetic, serological,neuroimaging and electrophysiological variables. Methods: References were mainly identified through PubMed search until December 2017 and backtrackingof references in pertinent studies. Results: Several promising diagnostic biomarkers of epilepsy exist, with causative value or predictingliability to develop seizures after acquired brain injuries. Short non-coding RNAs are deregulated inserum and cerebral tissue of epilepsy subjects: these molecules are promising diagnostic biomarkers,being easy to assess and reproducible. Advanced imaging techniques may allow identification of subtleepileptogenic lesions, often with prognostic value. Novel electrophysiological biomarkers of epilepsyinclude perturbed cortical connectivity and excitability induced by transcranial magnetic stimulation,as well as high-frequency oscillations detected by intracranial and scalp electroencephalographic recordings.Finally, serological biomarkers may support the differential diagnosis between epileptic seizuresand non-epileptic events. Conclusion: Ongoing research on diagnostic biomarkers of epilepsy is promising and future preclinicaland clinical studies are warranted.
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