Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids and Modulation of Cholesterol Homeostasis in THP-1 Macrophage-Derived Foam Cells

Author： Salehipour Masoud Javadi Ebrahim Reza Javad Zavvar Doosti Mahmoud Rezaei Shahla Paknejad Malihe Nejadi Naser Heidari Mansour

Publisher： MDPI

E-ISSN： 1422-0067|11|11|4660-4672

ISSN： 1422-0067

Source： International Journal of Molecular Sciences, Vol.11, Iss.11, 2010-11, pp. : 4660-4672

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Abstract

Transformation of macrophages to foam cells is determined by the rates of cholesterol uptake and efflux. This study uses a real time RT-PCR technique to investigate the role of conjugated linoleic acid (CLA), α-linolenic acid (ALA) and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) in the regulation of the ATP-binding cassette A1 (ABCA1) and liver X receptor α (LXR) genes, which are involved in cholesterol homeostasis. Accordingly, these fatty acids significantly reduced the total, free and esterified cholesterols within the foam cells. While the expression of the ABCA1 and LXRα genes was increased in the presence of the pharmacological LXRα ligand, T0901317, their mRNA expression was not significantly affected by CLA, ALA and EPA. These results suggest that although polyunsaturated fatty acids have an effect on cholesterol homeostasis, they cannot change the expression of the ABCA1 and LXRα genes. Alternatively, several other genes and proteins may be involved.